硝酸铵乳胶在持续受热条件下的热失控特性  

Developing process of thermal runaway for ammonium nitrate emulsion under continuous heating

作　　者：徐森[1] 陈相[2] 段瑞坤 刘大斌[1] 潘峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]上海出入境检验检疫局,上海200135 [3]陕西应用物理化学研究所,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《化工学报》2014年第3期1135-1141,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51174120)~~

摘　　要：为了研究乳胶基质在运输过程中在火灾条件下持续受热的热失控发展过程,采用TG和ARC研究了乳胶基质的热分解特性,同时采用联合国橘黄书中改进的通风管试验分析研究了乳胶基质在持续受热条件下发生热爆炸的过程。TG和ARC的试验结果表明:水分含量高的乳胶基质在受热条件下,更容易发生破乳,但反应的放热量较低。在通风管试验中,样品温度在100～146℃时,随着加热时间的变化,样品温度缓慢上升;当乳胶基质温度达到146℃后,样品温升速率明显加快,表明样品开始产生明显的放热效应;当温度达到270℃时,乳胶基质发生剧烈的热失控反应。可见,为了提高乳胶基质在运输和储存的安全性,应严格控制其运输温度。To study the thermal runaway of emulsion matrix under continuous heating in a fire, TG and ARC were employed to detect its thermal decomposition characteristics, and modified vented pipe test（MVPT） recommended by UN for the transport of dangerous goods did to measure the temperature evolution of sample. The TG and ARC test results show that the higher water content of emulsion matrix, the easier its demulsification, and the lower heat released by reaction is. In the MVPT test, sample temperature rises slowly between 100--146~C, and above 146~C raise of temperature speeds up quickly, indicating appearance of obvious exothermic reaction process. When the temperature is up to 270~C, emulsion matrix takes place thermal runaway reaction （explosion）. So the control of emulsion matrix temperature is very important for its transportation and storage safety.

关 键 词：乳胶基质 热力学 安全 热爆炸 改进的通风管试验 模型 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]