从煤矸石中提取活性氧化铝的清洁化工艺  

Renovation on the cleansing technology in leaching of active alumina from the coal gangue

作　　者：任根宽[1] 朱登磊[1] 谭超[1] 

机构地区：[1]宜宾学院化学与化工学院,四川宜宾644007

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第1期160-163,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：四川省教育厅项目(12ZB343)

摘　　要：煤矸石中含有大量的铝,将其作为一种新的铝资源加以利用,有助于减小铝需求的压力,缓解煤矸石所引起的环境污染问题。煤矸石中铝、硅主要以高岭土形式存在,活性非常低,通过热活化可以提高煤矸石活性,增加氧化铝的浸出率。用XRD对熟料和赤泥矿物组成进行分析,并通过正交试验确定了煤矸石的烧成条件和浸出条件。结果表明,烧成条件为:石灰饱和系数LSF=0.9,烧成温度1 260℃,反应时间90 min,平均颗粒直径0.085 mm。浸出条件为:Na2CO3质量浓度100 g/L,液固比3 L/mg,浸出温度85℃,浸出时间100 min。在最适宜的条件下,煤矸石中氧化铝的浸出率达85.6%。The paper is engaged in a study of cleansing technology of extracting active alumina from the coal gangue with sintering method of limestone. Through chemical analysis of the coal gangue under study, we have found that its content rate of alumina is 36.57 % , which is of particular significance for extracting alumina from the gangue in favor of saving energy resources and environment protec- tion. As is known, Kaolin is the main existing form of alumina and silicon in the coal gangue with its feature of inactivity. Therefore, the leaching rate of alumina can only be improved and the activity of the given coal gangue can be stimulated by increasing temperature. In or- der to heighten the efficiency of the cleansing technology of extracting active alumina, we have also analyzed the mineral substances of clinker and red mud in the gangue by X-ray diffraction. The result shows that the mineral composition of alumina was CaO· Al2O3 and 12CaO·7Al2O3, though we didn＇t find any characteristic peaks of CaO·Al2O3 and 12CaO·7Al2O3 in red mud. The situation has made us use the optimal conditions and investigate all the likely factors that may affect the extraction of active alumina from the coal gangue. In proceeding With our experiments and tests, we have discovered that the main factors influencing the leaching rate may include the lime saturation factor LSF, the sintering temperature, the sintering time, the mean diameter of granular, the concentration of sodium carbon- ate, the leaching temperature and time length, and so on. And even- tually, we have worked out the optimal conditions for our cleansing technology as follows： the lime saturation factor is 0.9, the sintefing temperature： 1 260 ℃ ; the sintefing time： 90 min; the mean diame- ter of granular： 0. 085 mm ; the concentration of sodium carbonate ： 100 g/L; the liquid volume-solid quality ratio： 3 L/mg; the leaching temperature： 85 ℃ ; and the leaching time： 100 min. It was under the above said optimal conditions that we have achieved th

关 键 词：煤化学工程 煤矸石 浸出率 烧成 氧化铝 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采]