磷酸活化法制备纤维素基颗粒活性炭  

Preparation of Cellulose-based Granular Activated Carbon Using Phosphoric Acid as Activator

作　　者：林冠烽[1,2,3,4,5,6] 蒋剑春[1,2,3,4] 吴开金[5,6] 陈涵[5,6] 常颖萃[5,6] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 [2]生物质化学利用国家工程实验室 [3]国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室 [4]江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [5]福建省林业科学研究院 [6]福建省森林培育和林产品加工利用重点实验室,福建福州350012

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2014年第1期101-106,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201004051);省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2011R1013-5);福建省自然科学基金(2011J01286)

摘　　要：以微晶纤维素为原料,在不添加黏结剂的条件下,采用磷酸活化法制备纤维素基颗粒活性炭。分析了捏合过程和炭活化工艺对活性炭耐磨强度、吸附性能和孔隙结构的影响。研究结果表明,炭活化温度的升高及保温时间的延长有利于颗粒活性炭强度的提高;随着浸渍比值的升高,颗粒活性炭的碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值、比表面积、总孔容积、微孔容积和中孔容积均呈不断上升的趋势;浸渍比值较小,较细微孔结构发达,浸渍比值较大,较大微孔结构发达。在较佳的工艺条件下:捏合温度150℃,浸渍比值1.25,捏合时间55 min,炭活化温度450℃和保温时间1.0 h,制得颗粒活性炭的碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值、强度、比表面积、总孔容积、微孔容积、中孔容积和平均孔径分别为896.6 mg/g、131.3 mg/g、94.69%、1 377.3 m2/g、1.083 cm3/g、0.514 cm3/g、0.569 cm3/g和3.14 nm。Microcrystalline cellulose was used to prepare cellulose-based granular activated carbon by phosphoric acid activation without any other binder. The effect of kneading and carbonization/activation process on abrasion strenth, adsorptive properties and porous texture of granular activated carbon was discussed. The results showed that both increasing temperature and prolonging holding time of carbonization/activation were beneficial for abrasion strength improvement. Besides, the adsorption capability of iodine and methylene blue,/he special surface area（ BET）, total pore volume, micropore volume and mesopore volume for granular activated carbon increased with the increasing impregnation ratio. When the impregnation ratio was low, the smaller microporous structure was developed. On the other side, when the impregnation ratio was increased, the bigger microporous structure was enlarged. Under the optimized condition, i. e. kneading temperature 150 ~C, kneading time 55 rain, impregnation ratio 1.25, carbonization/activation temperature 450 ~C and holding time 1.0 h, the iodine adsorption value, methylene blue adsorption value, abrasion strength, BET, total pore volume, microporous volume, mesoporous volume and average pore width of the sample were 896.6 mg/g, 131.3 rag/g, 94.69 % , 1 377.3 m^2/g, 1. 083 cm^3/g, 0. 514 cm^3/g, 0. 569 cm^3/g and 3. 14 nm, respectively.

关 键 词：磷酸活化法 纤维素 颗粒活性炭 孔结构 

分 类 号：TQ351.2[化学工程] TQ424