试论国家对健康权与药品知识产权保护制度的平衡  

About the Balance between Health Right and Intellectual Property Right of Medicine Protection System

作　　者：范文舟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《行政与法》2014年第1期82-89,共8页Administration and Law

摘　　要：健康权在任何与健康照护议题有关的政策上(包括药品知识产权制度)都不可忽略。然而,《多哈宣言》与2003年决议仍未触及药品知识产权保障与健康权冲突的核心问题,这就需要将健康权作为一项政策工具对药品知识产权的影响做补充性的解释。国家保障药物获得权利的义务应根据其实质内涵的多样性与复杂性掺入防卫权的特色;换言之,药品获得权应区分为国家仅有义务渐进实现的受益权与国家有义务立即实现的受益权。这种通过细化国家保障药品获得权的义务,在具有相同重要性的健康权及药品知识产权产生冲突时,便有足够的基础从权利本质审视两者在冲突时的平衡关系是否适当。Health right should not be neglected as its concerns with health protection policy.However,Doha Declaration and 2003 resolution do not cover the key issue of the conflict between health right and intellectual property fight of medicine protection,so health right should be used as a policy instrument to complementally interpret the impact of intellectual property fight of medicine. The public obligations which guarantee the right to obtain medicine should introduce the practice of defense fight basing on the di- versity and complexity.In other words,the public right to obtain medicine should be divided into gradual benefit right and immediate benefit right.It is possible to evaluate the conflict balance between health fight and intellectual property right of medicine by refin- ing the right to obtain public essential medicine.

关 键 词：健康权 药品知识产权 防卫权 受益权 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]