芜湖市区地表灰尘中黑碳含量分布特征  

Black Carbon Concentration Distribution Characteristics in Urban Surface Dust of Wuhu City

作　　者：邓正伟[1] 方凤满[1,2] 江培龙[1] 张杰琼 林跃胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241003 [2]安徽自然灾害过程与防治研究省级实验室,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第1期58-62,共5页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901258);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20123424120003)

摘　　要：以芜湖市区为对象,分析其地表灰尘中有机碳(OC)和黑碳(BC)含量,了解人为活动对其积累的影响.研究发现,芜湖城市地表灰尘中有机碳含量范围为7.81-38.71g/kg,平均值为22.49g/kg,黑碳含量范围为1.75-31.36g/kg,平均值为10.77g/kg,二者含量均高于一般的土壤,但低于大气粒子中黑碳含量.三个区域BC/OC的平均值大小顺序为中心城区>经济技术开发区>高新技术开发;相关分析表明,地表灰尘中BC含量与有机碳积累呈正比,指示BC的可能来源.城市地表灰尘中BC的来源是矿物燃料燃烧,其分布状况受机动车辆化石燃料燃烧排放的颗粒物质影响.利用Kriging最优插值法制得的黑碳、有机碳空间分布图,呈现出芜湖市区地表灰尘中黑碳含量离工业区、交通繁忙区的距离越近,含量越高,空间分布的差异主要由于区域功能差异造成,与地表灰尘中有机碳的空间分布研究规律相似.To understand the impact of human activities on the organic carbon（OC） and black carbon（BC） accumulation, organic carbon（OC） and black carbon（BC） content in urban surface dust of Wuhu were analyzed. Results found that organic carbon content in surface dust ranged from 7.81 - 38.71g/kg, with an average of 22. 49g/kg. Black carbon content varied from 1.75 - 31.36g/kg, with an average of 10.77g/kg, whose levels are higher than that of general soil, but less than particle black carbon content in the atmosphere. Order of BC/OC average shows： central city area〉 economic and technological development area〉 new technology development area. Correlation analysis showed that the BC contetrt and OC in surface dust is accumulated, suggesting that urban surface dust of BC is the source of fossil fuel burning, primarily from vehicle emissions of particulate matter. Optimal using Kriging interpolation method, spatial distribution show that their BC contents in urban surface dust correlated with the distance to industrial area, the traffic area and the spatial distribution difference mainly due to regional function difference. Results above suggest that the surface dusts can be a source of OC in environment.

关 键 词：地表灰尘 黑碳 有机碳 空间分布 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]