私有财产神圣不可侵犯吗?——评昂格尔的财产权理论  

Is Property Sacred and Inviolable?——On Unger's Theory of Property Rights

作　　者：周婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2014年第2期40-46,156,共7页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：私有财产权一直被认为对于保障个人自由和推动经济发展而言尤为重要,是人权的核心。美国批判法学的代表人物罗伯托·昂格尔却认为正是私有财产权阻碍了个人自由的实现,私有财产权使得掌控社会资源的少数人不仅能够控制、支配以雇佣劳动为生的多数弱者,而且凭借经济优势影响法律及其所建构的社会秩序,进而维持现有资源分配格局,导致多数弱者无力改变此种受压制的状态。为此,昂格尔主张以市场权取代私有财产权,并在此基础上增设豁免权、变动权和团结权,对现有权利体系加以重构。然而,笔者认为,昂氏的没有私有财产权的权利体系未必能实现保护个人自由的初衷。Private property right is always regarded as a very important fundamental right for individual and economic development. However,Roberto Mangabeira Unger thinks private property right hampers the implementation of personal liberty,because it makes the main resources of social be controlled by a small number of people and then they can not only dominate the wage-earners,but also control the law and social order by economic advantages,and thereby maintain the existing pattern of resource allocation,so that the weaker are not able to resist the oppression. So Unger advocates replacing private property right with market rights,increases another three rights including immunity,alteration right and solidarity right,and reconstructs the existing rights system. However,Unger's new system of rights may not be able to protect personal freedom.

关 键 词：私有财产权 压制 市场权 豁免权 变动权 团结权 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]