基于气溶胶光学特性垂直分布的一次浮尘过程分析  

A Floating-Dust Case Study Based on the Vertical Distribution of Aerosol Optical Properties

作　　者：王苑[1,2] 邓军英[2] 史兰红 陈勇航[2] 张强[1] 王胜[1] 徐婷婷[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,兰州730020 [2]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第3期830-838,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2011CB403405);国家自然科学基金项目(40975012);干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM201104)

摘　　要：为了进一步认识上海地区浮尘污染的垂直分布特征，利用地面微脉冲激光雷达（MPL）和CALIPS0星载激光雷达对2009年10月19日远程输送到上海的一次典型浮尘过程的气溶胶光学特性进行分析．结果表明，此次浮牛过程气溶胶层主要存在于2km以下低空中，气溶胶后向散射系数范围0-0．015km^-1·sr^-1，MPL消光系数范围0-0．32km^-1．浮尘过程中消光系数先增加后降低，气溶胶层不断抬升．浮尘天气2km以下大气中存在大量小粒径气溶胶颗粒，而0-0．5km近地面则以颗粒较大的气溶胶为主；2-10km大气中仅存在少量不规则气溶胶，其中4-6km高度范围的大气由不规则气溶胶和规则气溶胶混合组成，球型和非球型粒子均存在．CALIPSO星载激光雷达532nm总后向散射系数和MPL归一化相对后向散射系数的垂直分布特征基本一致．CALIPSO和MPL获得的消光系数垂直分布均随着高度增加而减少，但消光系数值存在较大差异．两者结合起来可以较全面客观地对上海地区浮尘天气进行观测．The vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties of a typical floating-dust event on October 19, 2009 in Shanghai was analyzed by using Micro-pulse Lidar （MPL） and the CALIPSO satellite. The results showed that the floating-dust aerosol mainly existed below 2 km of height. The floating-dust aerosol baekscatter coefficient ranged from 0 to 0. 015 kn-1 . sr-1 , and the MPL extinction coefficient ranged from 0 to O. 32 km -1. The MPL data showed that the aerosol extinction coefficient first increased and then decreased during the floating-dust event. At the same time, the aerosol layer was constantly lifting. The CALIPSO data showed that a large number of small particles were suspended in air at a height of below 2 kin, while the big particles always stayed near the ground （0-0. 5 kin）. At the height of 2-10 km, there was only few aerosols; in the range of 4-6 km, there was a mixture of particles with regular and irregular shapes. The vertical distribution of CALIPSO 532 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient and MPL normalized relative backscatter signal was basically the same, but the extinction coefficient values gained by them were different. Observations by CALIPSO and MPL together could be more comprehensive and objective for monitoring floating-dust in Shanghai.

关 键 词：浮尘 气溶胶 光学特性 垂直分布 CALIPSO卫星 微脉冲激光雷达 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]