126份花生品种主要农艺性状遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Main Agronomic Traits in 126 Peanut Varieties

作　　者：江建华[1] 倪皖莉[1] 管叔琪[1] 于欢欢[1] 肖美华 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所,合肥230031 [2]安徽省农机试验鉴定站,合肥230031

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第3期117-123,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院"新进博士"科研启动项目"花生含油量相关基因的关联分析与有效分子标记研究";安徽省农业科学院院长青年基金"花生远杂9102染色体片段代换系群体构建及含油量QTL定位"(12B0206);安徽省农业科学院种子工程项目"花生种质资源搜集;保存和创新利用"(12D0205);安徽省2013年农业综合开发土地治理科技推广项目"优质花生高效栽培技术示范与推广"(农发项[2013]12)

摘　　要：种质资源是花生遗传改良的重要基因来源。为了解花生栽培种资源的遗传多样性,利用来源于5个国家的126份花生栽培种为试验材料,对126个花生品种的22个分级性状和17个农艺性状的遗传参数进行分析。结果表明,22个分级性状和17个农艺性状遗传多样性指数的均值分别为0.813和1.947;17个农艺性状的变异系数均值为22.17%,其中11个农艺性状的变异系数大于20%,达到较高程度变异;遗传参数方面,主茎高等8个性状的广义遗传率大于75%,而结果枝数和单株果数等4个性状的广义遗传率较低,小于50%。进一步分析发现,公斤果数和出仁率的相对遗传进度分别为1010.15和475.26,可获得的遗传增量分别可达到101.74和722.88。以上说明这126份材料间存在着丰富的遗传多样性,农艺性状的改良潜力巨大。Germplasm resource is an important gene source of peanut genetic improvement. To know genetic diversity in cultivated peanut resources, 126 peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.） varieties from 5 countries were selected in the study to analyze genetic parameters of 22 classification traits and 17 agronomic traits. The results showed： the mean value of index of genetic diversity（H’） in 22 classification traits and 17 agronomic traits were 0.813 and 1.947, respectively. The mean value of coefficient of variance（CV） in 17 agronomic traits were 22.17%. And that, CV was over 20% of 11 agronomic traits, these values reached a higher level. The value of broad sense heritability（hB 2%） was larger than 75% in 8 traits like plant height, and so on. Yet hB 2% was smaller than 50% in 4 traits, such as No. of pod branches, etc. Further analysis found that the relative genetic advance（ G） were 1010.15 and 475.26 in pods per kilogram and shelling percentage, and its genetic gain（G） were 101.74 and 722.88, respectively. Overall, genetic diversity was abundant in 126 varieties. And this group had great potential for further genetic improvement in agronomic traits.

关 键 词：花生 农艺性状 遗传多样性指数 广义遗传率 遗传进度 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]