人口、房屋数据空间化及其在震灾快速评估中的应用——以彝良地震为例  

POPULATION,HOUSING STATISTICS DATA SPATIALIZATION RESEARCH IN THE APPLICATION OF RAPID EARTHQUAKE LOSS ASSESSMENT —A CASE OF YILIANG EARTHQUAKE

作　　者：韩贞辉[1,2] 李志强[1] 陈振拓[3] 丁文秀 王丽莉[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029 [2]河南省地震局,郑州450016 [3]福州市勘测院,福州350003 [4]湖北省地震局,武汉430071 [5]辽宁省地震局,沈阳110034

出　　处：《地震地质》2013年第4期894-906,共13页Seismology and Geology

基　　金：中国地震局地震行业科研专项"多源地震损失快速评估研究"(2013080185);"南北地震带区域基础数据更新与数据模式转换"(20110800203)共同资助

摘　　要：介绍了人口、房屋数据空间化的方法,并首次利用实地调查数据对结果进行了验证,获得了符合实际应用要求的1km格网人口和房屋数据。以彝良地震为例,利用GIS软件空间分析功能,叠加地震烈度图和格网人口与房屋数据,获得受灾人口和受灾房屋数据,并对彝良地震云南灾区的地震直接经济损失进行了估算,相比官方公布的调查结果,误差为-6%。研究结果表明,1km格网的人口密度图、房屋密度图合理地反映了统计单元内部的人口和房屋分布的实际情况,具有较高的精度;利用生成的格网数据进行震害快速评估,可以快速获得可靠的地震灾情信息,包括受灾人口、受灾房屋的数量及分布以及地震直接经济损失等,为地震应急救援和决策提供可靠的依据。The paper introduces the method of population and housing data spatialization.Field investigation data are used for the first time to test and verify the spatialized grid data.Based on Yiliang earthquake,the grid data and earthquake intensity map are overlaid to obtain the number of earthquake-affected population and housing in the support of GIS software.Compared with the data released by Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province,the error of estimating earthquake direct economic loss of Yiliang earthquake in Yunnan area is minus six percent.The research shows that the map of population density and housing density can reasonably reflect the actual distribution of people and building.Using the grid data,the data of affected population and housing and the earthquake direct loss can be got directly and precisely,which can provide reliable basis for earthquake emergency rescue and decision-making.

关 键 词：人口和房屋统计数据 空间化 实地调查 彝良地震 震害快速评估 

分 类 号：P316[天文地球—地震学]