城市湖泊大型底栖动物群落结构及季节变化  

Community structure and seasonal variation of macrozoobenthos in urban lakes

作　　者：刘息冕[1,2] 俞薇[2] 李天胜[2] 欧阳珊[2] 吴小平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学研究院,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌大学生命科学与食品工程学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（理科版）》2013年第6期564-569,共6页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31260515);赣鄱英才555工程领军人才培养计划资助项目(18000041)

摘　　要：2011年2月～2012年3月，对南昌市3个城市湖泊大型底栖动物群落结构和季节动态进行研究。3个湖泊共记录大型底栖动物52种及亚种，隶属于7纲21科43属，优势种为霍甫水丝蚓Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri、梨形环棱螺Bellamyapurificata、花纹前突摇蚊Procladiuschoreus、粗腹摇蚊Pelopia sp．及羽摇蚊Chironomusplu-mosus；各湖泊的平均密度和平均生物量分别为：东湖108．45 ind/m2，75．89 g/m2；青山湖1520．89ind/m2，123．04 g/m2；前湖607．22 ind/m2，13．66 g/m2。结果表明，大型底栖动物的密度在湖泊间差异显著（F＝4．21，P＜0．05），同一湖泊密度季节差异不显著（F＝0．99，P＞0．05）；湖泊间及同一湖泊不同季节生物量差异均不显著（F＝2．15，P＞0．05；F＝0．58，P＞0．05）。不同干扰程度下的城市湖泊，底栖动物功能摄食类群比重有各自的特点。东湖无论从密度或生物量看，均表现为以刮食者为主，占总密度的51．03％，总生物量99．50％；而青山湖和前湖从密度看，则以直接收集者为主，分别占总密度的76．49％和59．63％，从生物量看，以过滤收集者为主，分别占总生物量的79．75％和61．59％。Community structure and seasonal variation of macrozoobenthos were investigated between Feb-ruary 2011 and March 2012 in three urban lakes in Nanchang.Altogether 52 species and Subspecies belong-ing to 7 classes,21families,43genera were identified,The dominant species were Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Bellamya purificata,Procladius choreus,Pelopia sp.and Chironomus plumosus;the mean density and mean biomass of each lake are 108.45 ind/m2,75.89 g/m2（Lake Donghu）,1520.89 ind/m2,123.04 g/m2（Lake Qingshanhu）and 607.22ind/#,13.66 g/m2（Lake Qianhu）.The analysis showed that the density of mac-rozoobenthos is significant difference in each lake （F=4.21,P〈0.05）,but no significant difference among four seasons （F=0.99,P〉0.05）.Proportion of macrozoobenthos functional feeding groups has its own characteristics in urban lakes with different interference.In Lake Donghu,scraper percentages in both den-sity（51.03%）and biomass（99.50%）are the highest.However,in Lake Qingshanhu and Lake Qianhu,col-lector-gatherers percentages in density are the highest,respectively,76.49% and 59.63%,and collector-fil-terers percentage are the highest in biomass in both lakes,respectively 79.75% and 61.59%.

关 键 词：城市湖泊 大型底栖动物 群落结构 功能摄食类群 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学]