紫鹊界梯田区坡面产流产沙特征的模拟试验研究  

Runoff and Sediment Yield Characteristics on Slopes in Ziquejie Terrace Area Under Simulated Rainfall

作　　者：张冠华[1] 程冬兵[1] 张平仓[1] 许文盛[1] 沈盛彧[1] 张长伟[1] 徐文玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水土保持研究所,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第6期9-12,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项"紫鹊界梯田原生态自流灌溉体系机理研究"(201101030);国家自然科学基金"三峡库区草地土壤分离能力动态变化及其驱动机制"(41301298)

摘　　要：通过野外模拟降雨试验,研究了紫鹊界梯田区红薯地与裸地土壤入渗及坡面产流产沙特征。结果表明,与裸地坡面相比,红薯地坡面由于覆盖度高,土壤疏松,其土壤入渗率比裸地高。在小雨强(0.65mm/min)条件下无径流产生,中(1.15mm/min)、高(1.65mm/min)雨强下坡面产流产沙速率以及径流系数均有很大程度的降低,表现出较强的减流减沙效益,但径流含沙量分别为裸地的1.3和2.8倍;试验条件下的坡面产流产沙和土壤入渗过程均符合幂函数关系,产流率与产沙率之间呈线性关系。Simulated field rainfall experiments were conducted to study the runoff and sediment production as well as soil infiltration characteristics on sweet potato and bare lands in Ziquejie terrace area. The results showed that compared to the two bare lands, sweet potato land had a much higher infiltration rate due to its high coverage and loose soil. No runoff was generated on sweet potato land during the low rainfall intensity of 0.65 mm/min, and the runoff, sediment rate and runoff coefficient reduced substantially in comparison to bare lands during medium（1. 15 ram/rain） and high（1. 65 ram/rain） rainfall intensities, showing a strong runoff and sediment reduction effect. However, it had a relatively higher sediment concentration with the value being 1.3 and 2.8 times of bare lands, respectively. In the current study, runoff, sediment, and infil- tration processes fitted well by power functions. The sediment rate was linearly correlated with runoff rate.

关 键 词：产流产沙 土壤入渗 模拟降雨 紫鹊界梯田 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]