宁夏环香山地区压砂地土壤微生物结构及功能多样性研究  

Structure and Functional Diversity of Soil Microbes in Gravel-mulched Farmlands Around Xiangshan Region of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

作　　者：王占军[1] 蒋齐[1] 何建龙[1] 马琨[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第6期290-294,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"压砂地可持续发展机理研究及生态系统综合评价"(2007BAD54B05)

摘　　要：对压砂地不同利用年限下的土壤微生物群落结构及功能多样性进行了分析。研究结果表明，压砂地不同利用年限的土壤微生物群落总菌数整体上明显低于农田对照，且随着压砂利用年限的增加土壤微生物总菌数呈逐年下降的趋势。压砂利用1～3a，5～10a，10～15a之间均存在显著差异（P〈0．05）。压砂第1a对土壤微生物的功能影响很大，能明显提高微生物对C源的利用能力。压砂1a后，随着压砂利用年限的增加土壤微生物的功能明显下降，且不同压砂年限问的微生物功能差异不显著，说明农田压砂初期由于土地利用方式的改变，提高了土壤蓄水保墒及增温效果，使得土壤微生物物功能和利用强度增加，随着压砂地利用年限的增加作物对土壤养分消耗增大，而土壤中养分得不到补充，使得压砂地土壤微生物环境逐步恶化。The structure and functional diversity of soil microbial community in gravel-mulched farmlands were analyzed under the different years. The results indicated that the total number of microbial community in gravel-mulched farmlands under the different years was significantly lower than that in control farmland, and the total number of microbial community was gradually decreased with the increase of mulched years, and there were significant difference among 1-3 a, 5-10 a and 10-15 a gravel-mulched farmland （p〈 0.05）. The mulched year（1 a） had a great influence on the function of soil microbes, which can obviously improve the utilization ability of microbes for carbon source. The function of soil microbes was decreased sig- nificantly with the increase of mulched years after 1 a, and the microbial function were not significant among different mulched years. These suggested that the effects of soil moisture conservation and temperature were obviously improved due to the land use changed in the early stage of＂ gravel-mulch farmlands, so the functions and utilization abilities of soil microbes were higher. The consumption of crop on soil nutrients was larger with the increase of mulched years and couldn＇t get a supplementary in the soil nutrients, which made the soil microbial environments of gravel-mulched farmlands gradually deteriorated.

关 键 词：宁夏环香山地区 土壤微生物区系 微生物功能多样性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学] S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]