论新经济政策时期列宁粮食法治思想  

ON LENIN'S LEGAL THOUGHTS OF FOOD IN NEW ECONOMIC POLICY PERIOD

作　　者：穆中杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮食政策与法律研究所,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第4期25-30,共6页Journal of Henan University of Technology:Social Science Edition

基　　金：2012年教育部人文社科规划项目(12YJA820051)

摘　　要：粮食法治建设对于苏俄政权具有重要意义,主要表现在:以粮食税代替余粮收集制"首先而且主要是一个政治问题",实行粮食税是解决"最迫切而又最‘棘手的’"任务的前提,粮食法治建设是实施新经济政策的关键环节。列宁主张,粮食法治建设需通过国家机关进行,粮食税是从战时共产主义向正常社会主义产品交换的过渡,粮食税的征收"免不了要采取强制手段",要充分利用多种手段增加粮食生产。与余粮收集制相比,列宁在新经济政策时期的粮食法治思想也取得了预期的良好效果。二者的不同主要表现在:有关农民余粮处理权的制度设计不同,有关强制手段使用方式的制度设计不同,有关征粮专门队伍的制度设计不同,有关粮食分配与消费的制度设计不同。Legal construction of food was of great significance to the Soviet regime, which was mainly reflected in ： substituting grain tax for collection of surplus grain was ＂first and foremost a political problem＂ ; grain tax was a prerequisite for the solution to ＂the most urgent and the most difficult＂ task; legal construction of food was the key to the implementation of the new economic policy. Lenin argued that the legal construction of food should be carried out by the state organs; grain tax served as a transition from wartime communism to normal socialist exchange of products ; the levy of grain tax ＂ should inevitably take compulsory means＂ ; various means should be taken to increase grain production. Compared with the collection of surplus grain, Lenin＇ s legal thoughts of food in the new economic policy period also achieved good results. The difference lies in the design of the farmers＇ surplus grain discretion system, the enforcement system, the grain levy team system, and the food distribution and consumption system.

关 键 词：新经济政策 列宁 粮食政策与法律 

分 类 号：A821[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]