方言词典“本字”问题献议——以西北地区方言词典为例  

On the“Original Character”in the Compilation of Dialect Dictionary——With the Northwestern Region Dialect as an example

作　　者：何茂活[1] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院文学院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2014年第1期52-58,共7页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社科规划基金西部项目(13XYY010);教育部社科规划项目(11YJA740028)

摘　　要：方言词典编纂中,考求和使用本字的问题是无法回避的。用字考究、释义确当的方言词典可以为通语词典的编纂及汉语词汇的研究提供有力的支持。在现已出版的几部西北方言词典中,偶尔可见本字失考、用字不确的现象及其他一些可资商酌之处。文章通过实例辨析认为,方言词典用字在注重"溯本"的同时,还要注意从"俗"从众;应适当克制使用冷字僻字;本字待考的词语,可采用通行辞书中的写法;推溯词源和考求本字时应注重与姊妹方言的对比解证。In dialect dictionary compilation, the issue of the research and use of the original char- acters is inevitable. The dialect dictionary which is scrupulous in the use and interpretation of charac- ters will provide forceful support to the compilation of common language dictionaries as well as to the study of Chinese vocabulary. In the published northwestern dialect dictionaries, one can occasionally find such phenomena as the lack of research for the original character, the inexact use of characters as well as other things worth consultation. This paper, through empirical differentiation, holds the idea that dialect dictionaries should pay attention to following the ＂vulgarism＂ and the masses in the midst of at- taching importance to ＂tracing the original＂, that one should refrain from using esoteric and obsolete characters, that the obscure original words should be treated the same as in a commonly used diction- ary, and that tracing character origins and researching the original characters should be compared with sister dialect in terms of compared interpretation and confirmation.

关 键 词：方言词典 本字 西北方言 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]