紫心甘薯‘徐紫薯3号’主要性状及其生物产量动态变化规律分析  

Dynamic Analysis of Essential Characters and Biological Yield Change of Purple-Fleshed Sweetpotato ‘Xuzishu3'

作　　者：唐维[1] 李强[1] 张允刚[1] 王欣[1] 后猛[1] 马代夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院甘薯研究所/江苏徐州甘薯研究中心,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2014年第1期46-52,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BADA7B03);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-11);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2011301);江苏省"333工程"培养资金(BRA2011033);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(11)1027);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金(CX(11)4057)

摘　　要：研究‘徐紫薯3号’生长时期的性状变化及其性状之间的相关性、并探明生物产量动态变化规律,有利于通过栽培措施进一步提高该品种的产量和花青素含量。本文对‘徐紫薯3号’在6个时期的田间性状、品质性状以及生物产量进行系统测定,对该品种的主要性状与产量变化规律进行了探讨。‘徐紫薯3号’主要性状除花青素含量外,最盛时期一般出现在90 d以后,其中地上部干率(叶柄干率、叶片干率和茎干率)之间,以及与还原糖含量、单株薯块重两两之间都表现出显著甚至极显著正相关水平。‘徐紫薯3号’栽插后90 d内的同化产物分配于茎叶较多,分配于块根较少,而在90 d以后虽然光合能力和净同化率逐渐下降,但分配于块根的同化产物迅速上升,并到135 d时达到最大值。研究结果表明,‘徐紫薯3号’是一个多肥适应型的晚熟品种,并且其花青素积累过程属于波动变化型。因此,可以通过合理增加施肥量和延长其生育期来提高徐紫薯3号的产量,并在栽苗后60 d内,通过调节温度、光照、水分,以及植物激素处理等方法来提高其花青素含量。‘ Xuzishu3 ＇ is a new sweetpotato [Ipomoea Batatas （L.） Lam] line with high anthocyanin content,good germination,nice storage and agronomic trait.Identification of the trait changes and their correlations as well as dynamic changes of biological yield of‘ Xuzishu3 ＇are useful for enhancing the yield and anthocyanin content by cultivation,and can provide a new idea for studying other purple-fleshed sweetpotato cultivats.The agronomic traits,qualitative characters and biological yield of‘ Xuzishu3＇ during 6 growing periods were systermatically measured to discuss the dynamic changes of essential character and yield accumulation.The character of Xuzishu3 usually appeared the most prosperous after the 90th day except for anthocyanin content.Extremely significant positive correlations were found between Fresh weight of leave with petioles,dry matter content of leave with petioles and reducing sugar content,dry matter content of stems with petioles and fresh weight of storage roots,fresh weight of stems with length of vines and starch content.Assimilated product distributed to stems and leave more than storage roots before 90th day in growing period.Photosynthetic capacity and net assimilation rate gradually decreased after 90th day,but the assimilated product distributing to storage roots increased quickly and maximized in the 135th day.In conclusion,‘ Xuzishu3＇ is a late maturing variety suitable for more fertilizer,and accumulating process of its anthocyanin is fluctuating type.So yield of ‘ Xuzishu3＇ can be increased by more fertilizing reasonably and extending the growing period,meanwhile we can enhance anthocyanin content by means of controlling temperature,lighting,water as wellas phytohormonein the 60 days after planting.

关 键 词：紫心甘薯 性状 相关性 生物产量 动态变化 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]