自生纳米纤维增强 SiO2气凝胶的制备及性能研究  

Synthesis and Characterization of SiO_2 Composite Aerogels Enhanced by the Self Growing Nano-Fibers

作　　者：伊希斌[1,2] 王修春[1] 张晶[1] 马婕[1] 刘硕[1] 沈晓冬[2] 崔升[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院新材料研究所,山东省粘结材料重点实验室,济南250014 [2]南京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,材料化学工程国家重点实验室,南京210009

出　　处：《无机化学学报》2014年第3期603-608,共6页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

基　　金：国家安全重大基础研究(No.613120020020202);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金计划(No.BS2013CL038);山东省自然科学基金(No.ZR2011BL021);材料化学工程国家重点实验室开放课题基金(No.KL12-07);山东省科技发展计划(NO.2013YD02046);山东省科学院青年基金项目(NO.2013QN019)资助项目

摘　　要：采用溶胶-凝胶法和乙醇超临界干燥工艺制备ZrOX/SiO2复合气凝胶,再经1 200℃高温热处理得到自生纳米纤维增强SiO2复合气凝胶。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、热重和氮气吸附等手段对气凝胶的结构和性能进行了分析,并且测试了样品的压缩强度及真密度。实验结果表明:自生纳米纤维增强SiO2复合气凝胶具有均匀的多孔网络结构,锆氧纳米纤维是以化学键连接复合的方式无序穿插在气凝胶中,对复合气凝胶的机械强度和隔热性能有明显的改善。经1 200℃热处理后的ZrOX/SiO2复合气凝胶比表面积为827.22 m2·g-1,压缩强度为9.68 MPa,真密度为0.23 g·cm-3。The SiO2 composite aerogels enhanced by the self growing nano-fibers were prepared using sol-gel techniques and supercritical fluid drying, and converted to the high-strength composite aerogels after 1 200 ℃ high temperature heat treatment process. The structures and properties of composite aerogels were analyzed by means of SEM, TEM, XRD, TG, BET, and the compressive strengths and the true density were also measured. The experimental results showed that the as-synthesized ZrOX/SiO2 composite aerogels exhibited well-proportioned multihole network structure, and the Zirconium oxide nano-fibers alternated in the composite aerogels by the chemical bond. The mechanical strength and the insulation properties were improved evidently. The specific surface area, the compressive strengths and the true density of the ZrOX/SiO2 composite aerogels after 1 200 ℃ high temperature heat treatment process were 827.22 m2·g-1, 9.68 MPa, 0.23 g·cm-3, respectively.

关 键 词：自生锆氧纳米纤维 SiO2复合气凝胶 溶胶凝胶法 机械强度 

分 类 号：O614.31[理学—无机化学] TB33[理学—化学]