破骨细胞的形成和活化研究进展  

Recent Advances in the Formation and Activation of Osteoclasts

作　　者：陈晓虎[1] 孙瑜隆[1] 骞爱荣[1] 李京宝[1] 商澎[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学生命学院,西北工业大学特殊环境生物物理学研究所,空间生物实验模拟技术国防重点学科实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2014年第2期258-266,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31071043;31100667);西北工业大学基础研究基金(批准号:JC201162)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：破骨细胞是骨髓系细胞经细胞因子RANKL和M-CSF共同刺激后融合而成,在维持骨代谢平衡中发挥重要作用。破骨细胞的"形成"和"活化"是破骨细胞生理活动的两个重要方面。该文综述了最近关于破骨细胞的"形成"和"活化"方面的研究进展。从转录因子、细胞因子、酸性环境、蛋白激酶和淋巴细胞等方面详述了对破骨细胞形成的调节,从整合素、溶酶体、Src蛋白、破骨相关基因、骨保护素、Ephrin/Eph和Semaphorin信号通路等方面详述了对破骨细胞活化的调节,并总结了破骨细胞凋亡方面的最新进展。最后,该文阐述了力学刺激对破骨细胞形成和活化的影响,为以破骨细胞为靶点的药物研发提供了新的思路。Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells formed from myeloid lineage cells activated by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand （RANKL） and macrophage cology stimulating factor （M-CSF）. It is well known that osteoclasts play pivotal role in bone metabolic balance. The ＂formation＂ and ＂activation＂ of osteoclasts are two important physiological aspects of the osteoclasts and this review outlines the latest advances of these two aspects. On the one hand, many molecules are involved in the regulation of osteoclast formation, including transcription factors, cytokines, acidosis, protein kinases and lymphocytes. On the other hand, the activation of osteoclast is modulated by diverse factors such as integrins, lysosome, Src protein, osteoclast-related genes, osteoprotegerin, Ephrin/Eph and Semaphorin signaling pathways. Moreover, the recent advances in osteoclast are also reviewed. In addition, we disscuss the influence of mechanical stimualtion in osteoclast formation and activation. Furthermore, this article also provides potential clues for the potential drug targets against osteoclast.

关 键 词：破骨细胞 骨吸收 形成 活化 NFATc1 NF-ΚB RANKL 凋亡 

分 类 号：R580[医药卫生—内分泌]