黄河上游特大型滑坡群发特性的年代学研究  

RESEARCH ON GEOCHRONOLOGY OF SUPER LARGE LANDSLIDE IN THE UPPER YELLOW RIVER

作　　者：周保[1,2,3] 彭建兵[2] 赖忠平[4] 符超峰[1] 林鸿洲 赵瑞欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院西安710054 [2]长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,西安710054 [3]青海省地质环境监测总站西宁810100 [2]长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,西安710054 [3]青海省地质环境监测总站,西宁810100 [4]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,西宁810008

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2014年第2期346-353,共8页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41302253和41172168);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973项目)(批准号:2014CB744702);十二五国家科技支撑项目(批准号:2012BAK10B01);青海省自然科学基金青年项目(批准号:2012-Z-936Q)共同资助

摘　　要：本次研究通过对黄河上游10处古滑坡采用OSL和^(14)C两种方法测年,总结归纳了6种间接取样测年的思路,即①滑坡体上覆黄土底部、②滑坡体下伏阶地黄土顶部、③滑体内部高温剪切结构面、④堰塞湖湖相层底部、⑤错落式滑坡流水相物质底部和⑥滑坡下伏物质顶部有机碳。通过分析研究发现区内特大型滑坡具有明显的群发分期特性,分别为5万年左右、3万年左右、1.O^0.8万年左右和0.5万年左右。116 super-large landslides have been developed within lO000km2 in upper reaches of Yellow River.This area is located in the transitional zone between Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau,and the water cut is intense.At evolution phase of lake basins,fault depression appeared to various lake basins under the background condition in which plateau uplifts owing to the squeezing.This has provided rich material conditions for formation of super large landslide.At the formation and evolution phases of rivers,intense tectonic uplift reduced the erosion basis,which resulted in strong undercutting for Yellow River and its tributary streams.This has provided necessary topographic conditions like emptiness and high-steep slopes for formation of super large landslide.Favorable formation lithology,high-steep river valley,and coupling between endogenie process and exogenic process have offered a beneficial landform,climate and geological conditions for development of landslide in the area.Thus super large landslide has been developed in high density on both banks of the river valley.The ideal situation of phase characteristics is to date each landslide in the research area,but this is obviously impractical.Therefore,we selected 10 typical landslides and dated them via 14C and OSL methods.6 dating ideas of indirect sampling were summarized：1） at the bottom of loess on the landslide mass; 2） at the top of loess under the landslide mass;3） on high temperature shear structural plane within the landslide mass; 4） at the bottom of barrier lake lacustrine facies layer; 5） at the bottom of fluvial substance of cross landslide; 6） organic carbon at the top of substance under the landslide,super large landslides in the research area were divided into 4 obvious group occurrence phases：about 50 thousand years ago,about 30 thousand years ago,about 10～8 thousand years ago,and about 5 thousand years ago.

关 键 词：特大型滑坡 群发 年代学 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学] P642.22[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]