后水湾网箱养殖区五测站两周日海流观测的准调和分析  

Quasi-harmonic analysis on diurnal tidal current data of two weeks from five anchored stations in cage culture zones of the Houshui Bay

作　　者：张静[1,2] 王忠良[1,2] 汤保贵[1,2] 周晖[1,2] 张健东[1,2] 陈刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025 [2]广东海洋大学南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《海洋通报》2014年第1期56-61,共6页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205028)

摘　　要：应用短期资料的潮流准调和分析方法，对后水湾网箱养殖区五测站两周日海流观测获得的表、中、底层海流资料进行了分析，计算了五测站 O1、 K1、M2、 S2、M4、MS46个主要分潮的潮流调和常数，并给出了各测站在各层的潮流椭圆要素。计算结果表明：后水湾主要为日潮流海区，从最北的海区边缘向湾内靠近避风锚地，潮流性质由不规则全日潮流变为不规则半日潮流；从湾口到湾内，各分潮北分量基本以全日潮流K1为主，其次为全日潮流O1和半日潮流M2，主要分潮的振幅逐渐降低，且越靠近湾内，浅水分潮的作用越大；各分潮东分量仍以全日潮流为主，但半日潮流的作用增大，可以达到与全日潮流相当的作用。观测期间最大余流值基本出现在中层，且处于两个开边界的F1和F5站位的余流值明显大于其它站位；各站位的表层余流基本指向西北-北-东北向，即朝向湾外；而中、底层余流基本指向西南-南-东南向，即朝向湾内，通过上、下层海水的运动，海区内物质最终可以向湾外输运。整个海区可能最大流速表层在29~70 cm/s之间；中层在43~62 cm/s之间；底层在30~47 cm/s之间。表层海水基本为逆时针的旋转流运动；而中、底层海水由于一直受到邻昌礁的约束，基本为往复流运动。Based on the quasi-harmonic method of short-term tidal current data, diurnal tidal current data of two weeks at the surface, middle and bottom layers from five anchored stations in cage culture zones of the Houshui Bay were analyzed. The harmonic coefficients of O1, K1, M2, S2, M4 and MS4 constituents were calculated,and so did the elliptic factors of tidal current of all layers at the five stations. The results showed that the bay mainly had the features of diurnal current, and the tidal current was changed from irregular diurnal current into irregular semidiurnal current from the north open boundary to the shelter anchorage of the inner bay. From the mouth to the inner bay, the main tidal constituent was K1, followed by O1 and M2 of the north component of constituents. The amplitude of main tidal constituent was gradually weakened, while the role of shallow water tidal constituents was gradually increasing. The main tidal constituent was diurnal tide of the east component,while the semidiurnal tide was gradually enhanced as the role of the diurnal tide. The maximum velocity of residual current mainly occurred at the middle layer and the velocities of residual currents in the F1 and F5 stations of the open boundary were obviously greater than those of other stations. The surface layer of the residual current was pointing to the northwest-north-northeast direction and the middle and bottom layers were pointing to the southwest-south-southeast directions, which showed that the transport of substances in the Houshui Bay was toward the outside of the bay ultimately by the movement of the upper and lower seawater. The probable maximum velocity in the bay was between 29 and 70 cm/s at the surface layer, 43~62 cm/s at the middle layer and 30~47 cm/s at the bottom layer. The surface layer sea water movement was anti-clockwise rotating flow and the middle and bottom layers were reciprocating flows due to the restrain of the Linchang Reef.

关 键 词：后水湾 网箱养殖区 潮流 准调和分析 余流 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]