天津医科大学总医院2006-2010年5岁以下儿童的死亡状况分析  

Data Analysis for the Cause of Death of Children less than 5-year old in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University in 2006-2011

作　　者：卢纯玲[1] 范洁[1] 周子伟[2] 刘晓峰[2] 邓东[1] 陈杨帅 江荣才[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院预防科,天津300052 [2]天津医科大学总医院神经外科,天津300052

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第6期1013-1014,共2页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的连续统计单家综合性三级甲等医院5岁以下儿童的死亡率和死亡原因，初步掌握5岁以下儿童死亡率和死亡原因变化规律，提出降低儿童死亡率的针对性对策。方法收集2006—2010年天津医科大学总医院小于5岁的儿童死亡病例，应用卡方检验方法进行统计，从死亡地点、统计年分布、年龄分布和病因等进行多角度分析。结果连续5年来天津医科大学总医院诊疗5岁以下儿童共计死亡53例，死亡率呈逐年下降的趋势。5年来大于1岁以上的儿童无死亡事件发生，所有死亡儿童均为1岁以下的婴幼儿，0—1d婴幼儿占84．91％以上。52例儿童死于病房，仅1例儿童死于急诊室。死亡原因占第一位的是新生儿窒息，其次是肺炎，呼吸相关疾病占41．51％。结论5岁以下儿童死亡风险主要存在于初生婴儿，又以呼吸系统疾病为第一死因。注意新生儿呼吸系统保护是降低其死亡率的最重要措施。Objective This study aimed to understand the change of the mortality and cause of death of the children under 5 years old in a single Level 3 Class 1 hospital and then to recommend the targeted measures to reduce the children＇s mortality. Methods All cases of dead children under 5 years old in our hospital from 2006 to 2010 were coUected and statistically analyzed by Chi-square for their death causes, the death locations and the age distribution. Results There were totally 53 dead children under 5 years old during the last 5 years. Mortality declined every year during the last 5 years. All death happened to children under 1 year old and more than 84.91% of them were the newborns of less than 1 day. Furthermore, 52 children died in the ward of the hospital and 1 child died in the emergency room. Asphyxia ranked the top death cause in these children, followed by pneumonia, while res- piratory distress syndromes accounted for 41.51% of the death. Conclusion The most dangerous death risk was mainly found to be related to the newborns and the respiratory disease is the primary factor. Thus, the most important measure to reduce the mortality rate of young children is to protect their respiratory system when they are newly born.

关 键 词：儿童 死亡率 死亡原因 新生儿窒息 呼吸系统疾病 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]