四川省孕妇出生缺陷一级预防知识、态度和行为调查  

Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviors of Pregnant Women in Sichuan Province towards the Primary Prevention of Birth Defects

作　　者：吕行[1] 吴艳乔[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院,四川成都610045 [2]四川大学华西第二医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第6期1018-1020,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解四川省孕妇出生缺陷一级预防的知识、态度和行为现状,为推进出生缺陷一级预防工作提供科学依据。方法描述四川省孕妇出生缺陷一级预防知识、态度与行为现状;利用因子分析方法从4个维度分析研究对象的孕前保健知识水平。结果本研究选取四川省8个地区的1 057位城市孕妇和917位农村孕妇。结果显示,城市孕妇孕前保健知识水平较好(69.27%),农村孕妇较差(65.49%)。研究对象在风险预防知识维度掌握情况较好,在某些方面认识不足(如叶酸增补和生育史方面)。研究对象对均衡营养、避免滥用药物和科学锻炼的认同情况很好,认同率均在90%以上;对增补叶酸和婚前检查的态度也不错,认同率达到80%以上;对TORCH筛查的认识还比较模糊(认同率为45.73%)。城市妇女婚检率45.32%,农村妇女婚检率49.18%。孕检率和叶酸服用率均超过80%。结论孕妇的保健知识掌握情况较好,但是普遍缺乏对叶酸的正确知识,孕前开始服用叶酸的人数较少,也不能坚持每天服用。8个地区的婚检率显著高于全省平均水平。孕检率普遍较高。大部分研究对象能避免接触出生缺陷的危险因素。应该加强健康教育,提高孕前优生知识水平,进而改善出生缺陷一级预防的态度和行为。Objective This study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of pregnant women in Sichuan Province towards the primary prevention of birth defects in order to provide a scientific basis for promoting primary prevention. Methods This study used research data on pregnant women obtained from Siehuan Science and Technology Support Program project, which is the management strategy of primary prevention of birth defects in Sicbuan, to describe the KAP of primary prevention of birth defects a- mong pregnant women in Siehuan Province. The knowledge level of preconception care was analyzed using factor analysis method from multiple dimensions. Results The study selected 1057 urban pregnant women and 917 rural pregnant women from eight re- gions in Sichnan province. Urban pregnant women showed higher knowledge level of pre-pregnant health care （69.27%） than rural pregnant women （65.49%）. The pregnant women in this study had relatively good risk prevention knowledge, but lacked knowledge in some aspects, such as folic acid supplements and reproductive history. More than 90% of the pregnant women believed that it is necessary to keep a balanced diet, to avoid the abuse of drugs and to keep scientific exercises. The attitude towards folic acid sup- plementation and pre-marital medical examination was also good with a recognition rate more than 80%. In contrast, the under- standing of TORCH screening was rather ambiguous. Premarital medical examination rates are 45.32% in urban areas and 49.18% in rural areas. Pre-pregnancy medical examination rate and Folic acid supplementation rate are both over 80%. Conclusion Preg- nant women showed an improved preconception care knowledge, but generally lacked professional knowledge about folic acid sup- plement. Most women did not take folie acid before pregnancy and didn＇t insist on taking it every day. The premarital medical exam- ination rate of the survey was significantly higher than the provincial average. Pre-pregnancy medical examination rate is general

关 键 词：出生缺陷 一级预防 因子分析 秩相关 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]