学校健康教育对高中生结核病防治知识、信念与行为的短期效果评价  

The evaluation of short-term effect of knowledge, faith and practice of health education on tuberculosis prevention and control among high school students

作　　者：张思潮[1] 邱志红[1] 董正全[1] 金玫华[1] 杨中荣[1] 王利英 

机构地区：[1]浙江省湖州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江湖州313000 [2]浙江省湖州市预防医学会,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第6期1060-1062,1065,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨依托学校为健康教育载体对高中生结核病防治知识、信念与行为的干预效果,为制定高中学生结核病干预策略提供依据。方法以湖州市在校高中学生为研究对象,采用整群抽样方法,分别于干预前后抽样,并使用统一的调查问卷,对被调查者一般情况、结核病防治相关知识、信念、行为进行调查。结果湖州市高中学生结核病防治核心信息知晓率干预前为60.7%,干预后为62.3%,干预前后差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.98,P>0.05)。在"态度持有率"方面,对待"如果邻居或同学得了结核病"的态度上,正向态度"尽量保持距离"和"更加关心体贴他/她"干预后分别上升了9.2%和7.6%,干预前后差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.9,P<0.05)。在"行为持有率"方面,对待"是否曾经向别人讲述所了解的结核病知识"的问题上,干预前回答"有过"的行为持有率占29.8%,干预后则占63.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=129.7,P<0.05)。结论依托学校为健康教育载体,通过广播宣传、学校网络、展板与海报、宣传画册等形式,对湖州市高中学生进行结核核心知识"灌输式"教育,可能具有一定的局限性;通过短期的健康教育对促进高中学生信念与行为以及良好生活习惯具有重要作用。Objective The study was aimed to explore the effect of health education intervention on high school students, in order to provide evidence for TB intervention strategy. Methods Cluster sampling and uniform questionnaire were used among high school students in Huzhou city before and after the intervention. General information of the respondents, knowledge about TB, faith and practice of tuberculosis prevention and control were investigated. Results The core information awareness about TB prevention and control among high school students in Huzhou city was 60.7% before the intervention and 62.3% after the intervention, respectively. There was no significant statistical difference before and after the intervention （ehi-square=1.98, P〉1.98）. When concerning the at- titudes regarding the status of TB infections on a neighbor or classmate, positive attitude and the thought of trying to keep distance or provide more earing to the infected neighbor or classmate rose by 9.2% and 9.2% respectively, after intervention in terms of attitude holding rate. There was statistically significant differences before and after the intervention （chi-square=54.9, P〈0.05）. When con- cerning the attitudes regarding the communication of TB knowledge in terms of behavior holding rate, 29.8% participated in com- munication before the intervention and 63.0% participated in communication after the intervention respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences （ehi-square=129.7, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Relying on the school as the executor for health education, through the network of schools, broadcasting promotions, boards and posters, propaganda pamphlet and so on to promote core knowledge of TB via indoctrination may have some limitations among high school students in Huzhou city. Short-term health education may play an important role in promoting beliefs, behavior and good habits among high school students.

关 键 词：结核 肺 学生 健康教育 评价 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]