蜡皮混合毒饵对褐家鼠和小家鼠的灭效研究  

Study on the deratization effect of fur wax bait poison aginst Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus

作　　者：张世水[1] 宫学诗[1] 曲宝泉[1] 景晓[1] 王学军[1] 孙林[1] 赵志刚[1] 赖世宏[1] 康殿民[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心病媒生物防制所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第6期1081-1082,1085,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2011HM033);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2009HW055)

摘　　要：目的观察蜡皮玉米粒7份、蜡皮小麦粒3份混合毒饵对褐家鼠和小家鼠的杀灭效果。方法选择济南历城区郭家、张马、贤文、靳家4个农村。郭家村有1 219间房,全部投放蜡皮混合毒饵;相距约500 m的靳家村有662间房,全部投放对照普通混合毒饵。选择张马村居民居住较集中的60户计498间房;在相距约3.5 km的贤文村选择60户计516间房。每村分为试验组与对照组。每间房间约15 m2放3堆,每堆10 g。连放4 d,观察26 d。灭效考核用格粉板法(400格法)。结果蜡皮混合毒饵与对照普通混合毒饵均做了3组试验,对褐家鼠的平均灭效分别为92.55%、94.97%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(u=8.41,P<0.01);对小家鼠的平均灭效分别为99.82%、98.95%,二者比较差异无统计学意义(u=1.88,P>0.05)。结论蜡皮混合毒饵对褐家鼠和小家鼠的灭效均很好,为灭鼠提供了一种优良毒饵。Objective The study was aimed to observe the deratization effect of mix wax bait poison （the mix proportion of wax corn and wax wheat bait poisons is 7： 3） against Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus. Methods On-the-spot test had been carried out with bait poisons at the following four villages： Guojia, Zhangma, Xianwen, and Jinjia in Licheng district Jinan city. All the 1219 residential rooms in Guojia village were placed with mix wax bait poison; and in Jinjia village 500 meters away from Guojia, all the 662 residential rooms were placed with control mix wax bait poison. The 498 residential rooms from 60 households in Zhangma vil- lage and the 516 residential rooms from 60 households in Xianwen village 3.5 km away were also subjected to the test. Every village was divided respectively into test groups and control groups. For every residential room, three bait poisons were placed per 15 m2, and every bait poison was 10 g. The bait poisons were placed for 4 days and observed for 26 days. $400 check was used to evaluate the deratization effect. Results There were three groups of tests for the mix wax bait poison and the control mix wax bait poison. The deratization rate for the test groups and the control groups against Rattus norvegicus were 92.55% and 94.97% respectively, with statistically significant difference （u=8.41, P〈0.01）. For Mus Musculus, the rates were 99.82% and 98.95% respectively, with no statistical difference （u=1.88, P〉0.05）. Conclusion The deratization effect of mix wax bait poison against Rattus norvegicus and Mtts musctdus was very profound. It provides a good bait poison for controlling rat density.

关 键 词：蜡皮混合毒饵 褐家鼠 小家鼠 敌鼠钠 杀灭效果 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]