矿渣肥对华西雨屏区白夹竹林土壤化学性质及酶活性的影响研究  

Effect of Slag Fertilizer on Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in Soil of Phyllostachys bissetii Stands in Rainy Area of West China

作　　者：罗正华[1] 江明艳[1] 陈其兵[1] 胡健[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2014年第1期7-14,共8页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化项目(2010GB24320621);四川省"十二五"育种攻关项目(2011YZGG-10)

摘　　要：华西雨屏区是我国西部地区以阴湿为主要特征的特殊气候地理单元,区域内竹林资源丰富,但由于降雨量大,林地土壤酸化现象较为严重。矿渣肥具有高效化、复混化、缓释化的特点,同时也是酸性土壤改良剂。文章以华西雨屏区主要经济竹种白夹竹为对象,研究氮、磷、钾有效养分含量为45%(N:P2O5:K2O=21:0.67:0.48)的矿渣肥(KZFA)在4种施肥水平上对林地土壤化学性质及土壤酶活性的影响。施肥3年后研究结果表明:1)KZFA施用量为1.225 t/hm2时,对白夹竹林地土壤酸碱性、有机质含量和氮素、磷素、钾素的综合改良效果最好;2)施肥对脲酶活性的影响最大,施肥量、碱解氮(夏季)、速效磷、速效钾含量均与脲酶活性呈显著正相关;3)土壤化学性质的变化对过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性的影响存在明显的季节性差异,各指标间的相关性普遍为冬季大于夏季,但均未达显著水平。Rainy area of west China is a geographic unit with unique climate in the western region of China, which is characterized with shade moisture. This area boasts abundant bamboo resource, while the forest soil acidification is serious as a result of the large amount of rainfall. Slag fertilizer is characterized with high efficiency, compound and sustained release, and can acts as the conditioner of acid soil. This research chose Phyllostachys bissetii, the main economic bamboo species in rainy area of west China, to study the effect of slag fertilizer（KZFA） on soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activity at 4 fertilization levels, with the available nutrient content at 45% （N：P2O5：K20=21：0.67：0.48）. After 3 years of KZFA fertilization, the main results were as follows： （1）When KZFA amount was 1.225 t/hm2 to Ph. bissetii, the comprehensive improvement effect on soil pH value, organic matter content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium was the best; （2） slag fertilizer had largest effect on urease activity. Practical amount of fertilizer application, alkali hydrolysable nitrogen content （in summer）, available phosphorus content and available potassium content were all significantly positively correlated with urease activity. （3） Effect of changes in soil chemical properties on the activities of catalase, peroxidase, phosphatase and sucrase showed a distinct seasonal differences. Correlation between different indexes were generally higher in winter than in summer, but all not reach the significant level.

关 键 词：白夹竹 矿渣肥 土壤化学性质 土壤酶活性 华西雨屏区 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]