一次强雷暴天气与大气环境场的关系分析  

Analysis of the Relationship Between a Thunderstorm Weather and Atmospheric Environment Field

作　　者：王洁[1] 杨洋[1] 曹继军[1] 高武虎 宁凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省防雷中心,陕西西安710015

出　　处：《干旱气象》2014年第1期70-74,共5页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然基金"闪电定位网资料同化技术研究(41175092)"资助

摘　　要：雷电是电荷聚集到一定程度的放电现象，当雷暴云中电荷累积，在地面附近大气就会有相应的感应电场，因此通过大气电场脉冲波形变化，结合雷达回波资料，可以判断雷暴云的发展阶段。本文分析了2010年8月11～12日陕西省有闪电定位监测网络以来最强的一次雷电天气过程。该过程全省范围内共发生闪电23570次，8月11日单日闪电14470次，整个过程以负闪为主，闪电频数高，同时伴随强降水发生。分析发现，此次强雷电天气过程与大气环境场具有以下对应关系：强雷电的发生与西太平洋副热带高压强盛控制陕西大部分地区且呈东西带状分布、西风槽东移南压关系密切；另外还与潜在对流性稳定度指数、抬升指数、能量场和位势稳定度具有较好的相关性；高雷电密度区域与区域性暴雨的强降水落区有一定的对应关系，但强雷电往往先于强降水出现，雨量最大区域与雷电强度最大区域并不对应。Lightning is a discharge phenomena when electric charges gathered to a certain extent.Electric charges build up in thunder clouds,the atmosphere near the ground will be a corresponding induction electric field,so we can determine the stages of thunderstorm development through the pulse wave changes of atmospheric electric field and combining with radar echo data.This paper analyzes a lightning weather process from August 1 1 to 12 in 2010,which was the strongest process since the lightning location monitoring network of Shaanxi Province was built.During this process the lightning occurred 23,570 times in the whole province,and on August 11 the lightning occurred 14,470 times.The whole process dominated by negative flash and accompanied by heavy rainfall.Statistical analysis revealed that there was some corresponding relations between the lightning weather and atmospheric environment field.The occurrence of the heavy lightning storms was closely related to the Western Pacific subtropical high which controled the most parts of Shaanxi Prov-ince and presented east-west banded distribution,and westerly trough moving eastward and southward.Moreover,it also had a good correlation with the potential convective stability index,the lifting index,the energy field and the potential stability.The high lightning density area was corresponding well with the strong precipitation area,but strong lightning often appeared first in heavy precipitation processes,and maximum rainfall areas often didn’t correspond to maximum lightning strength areas.

关 键 词：雷暴 大气环境场 大气电场 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]