洋葱路由追踪技术中时间特征的建模与分析  

Modeling and Analysis of Time Characteristics Used in Onion Routing Traceback Techniques

作　　者：何高峰[1] 杨明[1] 罗军舟[1] 张璐[1] 马媛媛[2] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学计算机科学与工程学院,南京211189 [2]中国电力科学研究院,南京211106

出　　处：《计算机学报》2014年第2期356-372,共17页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展规划项目基金(2010CB328104);国家自然科学基金(61272054;61202449;61320106007);国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划项目基金(2013AA013503);国家科技支撑计划(2010BAI88B03;2011BAK21B02);高等学校博士点专项科研基金(20110092130002);国家电网科技项目--信息网络边界安全隔离及主动防御技术研究及应用及中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2242014R30010)资助~~

摘　　要：针对洋葱路由匿名通信机制,现有研究工作提出了多种基于时间特征的追踪技术方案,但对如何从理论上解释时间特征可用于追踪的原因,以及如何确定为形成特定时间特征所需调制的报文延时幅度等问题缺乏相应研究.以目前广泛使用的第二代洋葱路由Tor匿名通信系统为研究对象,深入分析其数据包调度策略,建立相应数学模型,并提出数据包输入和输出缓冲区的平均队列长度和网络层报文数量估算方法.在此基础上,结合提出的时间特征差异度度量方法,解释说明能够借助时间特征来进行匿名通信追踪的原因,同时得出影响追踪效果的3个具体因素.进一步,针对ON/OFF流水印模型,推导出在满足一定水印检测率前提下应调制的报文延时幅度.通过Tor实验环境验证了理论分析的正确性.研究成果为后续匿名通信相关研究提供理论和实践指导.Although a few of timing-based traceback techniques have already been proposed against anonymous communication mechanisms such as onion routing, there still exist some unsolved issues such as how to clarify the reason of feasibility of timing-based traceback techniques and how to determine the modulation amplitude of packet delay time for forming special time characteristics. Taken the widely used Tor anonymous communication system （known as the second-generation onion router） for study, the authors deeply analyzed its data scheduling policy and established the corresponding mathematics model. And then evaluation methods of the aver- age queue length of input, output data buffers and the related packet count at the network layer were proposed. A method for measuring differences of flow time characteristics was also presen ted. On these hases, the reason for the feasibility of timing-based anonymous communication traceback was illustrated, and meanwhile three related factors were obtained. Furthermore, according to the ON/OFF watermarking principle, the authors deduced the modulation amplitude of ,packet delay time for inserting watermark signals with certain success rate. The correctness of theoretical analysis was validated by conducting experiments in Tor network. The research results can provide theory and practice guidance for further anonymous communication research.

关 键 词：洋葱路由 匿名通信追踪 时间特征差异度 ON OFF流水印模型 报文延时调制中图法 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]