鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程对湖泊水位变化影响的模拟  

Simulation of the impact of Lake Poyang Project on the dynamic of lake water level

作　　者：王鹏[1,2] 赖格英[1,2] 黄小兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2014年第1期29-36,共8页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2012CB417003)资助

摘　　要：水位变化是影响湖泊水文过程和生态环境的重要因素.本研究基于环境流体动力学(EFDC)模型构建了鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程与主湖区的二维模型,模拟水利枢纽工程运行后对主湖区及湿地保护区水位变化节律的影响.模拟结果表明:水利枢纽工程对湖泊水位的影响由北向南逐渐减小,水利枢纽工程提升了大湖北部水位,使南北水位差减小,将影响鄱阳湖枯水期的流速及自净能力.吴城和南矶湿地自然保护区核心区水位变化受水利枢纽工程的影响较小,吴城自然保护区核心区在水位低于13.8 m时与大湖脱离,不再受水利枢纽工程影响,但水利枢纽工程会影响蚌湖与大湖脱离时间;南矶自然保护区位于鄱阳湖南部,水位受水利枢纽工程影响很小.水利枢纽工程条件下,湖泊水位受人工控制,枯水年和平水年湖泊水位的变化基本一致;枯水年水利枢纽工程对湖泊水位的影响大于平水年,但对湖泊南部的水位变化影响仍然较小.模型模拟结果可以揭示在目前调度方案下,水利枢纽工程对湖泊水位变化节律的影响规律,为工程建设提供一定的理论参考.Dynamic of water level is the key factor to affect the hydrological processes and ecological environment in lakes.Based on the EFDC model,a two-dimensional model comprising the Lake Poyang Project and the main lake is constructed to simulate the impact of Lake Poyang Project on dynamics of water level in the main stem and the wetland nature reserve.Simulation results show that：the impact of Lake Poyang Project on water level is gradually reduced from north to south,and water level in the northern part of the lake is raised due to the project,which decreases the north-south water level difference and affects the flow rate and the water purification capacity.The impact of Lake Poyang Project on the core area of Wucheng and Nanji Nature Reserve is little：the core area of Wucheng Nature Reserve is separated from the main lake and not affected by the project when the water level is lower than 13.8 m,but the time of separation will be affected by the project;while the core area of Nanji Nature Reserve is located in the southern part of the lake,and the impact of the project is little.In the dry year,the dynamic of water level is the same as that in the normal year due to the regulation of the project.The impact of Lake Poyang Project on dynamic of water level is larger in the dry year than that in the normal year,but the impact on the southern part is still little in dry year.The simulation result can reveal the law of the impact of Lake Poyang Project on dynamic of water level with the existing regulation scheme,and provide some reference for the construction of the project.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程 EFDC模型 水位变化 湿地自然保护区 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]