太湖草源性“湖泛”水域沉积物营养盐释放估算  

Estimation of in-situ sediment nutrients release at the submerged plant induced black bloom area in Lake Taihu

作　　者：申秋实[1] 周麒麟[1,2] 邵世光[3] 刘成[1,2] 张雷[1] 范成新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2014年第2期177-184,共8页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所"一三五"重点部署项目(NIGLAS2012135008);江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2011165);江苏省太湖水污染治理专项项目(TH2013214);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2001879)联合资助

摘　　要：于太湖草源性“湖泛”暴发期,采集柱状沉积物并应用peeper被动采样装置获得“湖泛”区原位沉积物间隙水.泥水样品分析表明：“湖泛”发生水域表层（0 ～7 cm）沉积物的含水率、孔隙度和有机质含量均明显高于对照区,其中有机质含量更是对照区样品的4倍左右,沉水植物残体促使表层沉积物物化性质改变的作用明显;“湖泛”发生水域表层沉积物间隙水中铵态氮（NH4＋-N）、溶解性反应磷（SRP）及Fe2＋含量远高于未发生区,植物残体降解对沉积物厌氧环境的营造显著.运用分子扩散模型对沉积物释放通量估算：“湖泛”发生区沉积物N4＋-N、SRP和Fe2＋的释放速率分别是对照区的49.8、15.3和123.1倍.研究认为,草源性“湖泛”水体氮、磷等营养物含量升高的主要原因是沉积物的释放,而“湖泛”所营造的厌氧环境是氮、磷释放急剧增加的主要驱动因素.During the submerged plant induced black bloom period in Lake Taihu,sediment cores were collected and pore waters were acquired using peeper in-situ passive pore water samplers at the black bloom and the control areas.The sediments analysis results showed that the water content,porosity and organic matter （LOI） were obviously higher in the surface sediment （0-7 cm）in the black bloom area than those in the control area,among which the LOI contents were about 4 times higher.The physical and chemical characteristics of surface sediments were influenced by the submerged plant residues greatly.Ammonium （NH4＋-N）,soluble reactive phosphorus （SRP） and Fe2＋ contents in surface pore waters at the black bloom area were significantly higher than those at the control area.The sediment release fluxes of NH4＋-N,SRP,and Fe2＋ were also estimated by using the pore water diffusion model approach.Compared to the control area,the release fluxes of NH4＋-N,SRP,and Fe2＋ in the black bloom area were 49.8,15.3,and 123.1 times higher,respectively.The research implied that the increase of nutrients contents in the submerged plant induced black bloom were mainly due to sediments release,to which the black bloom caused anoxic condition was the major driving factor.

关 键 词：湖泛 氮 磷 沉积物释放 peeper 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]