一种用于超高频电磁信号检测的单臂阿基米德螺旋天线的设计  

Design of a Single-Arm Archimedean Spiral Antenna Used for UHF Detection

作　　者：喇元[1] 吴俊锋[2] 欧小波[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东电网公司电力科学研究院,广州510080 [2]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《电测与仪表》2014年第5期61-66,共6页Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation

基　　金：南方电网公司科研项目(036100GS61120003)

摘　　要：研究了一种50Ω同轴电缆直接馈电的单臂阿基米德螺旋天线,通过优化仿真设计了天线各项硬件参数,实现了其在UHF(超高频)段的工作。通过锥形金属片过渡馈电的方式保证了天线结构的稳定性,克服了单臂阿基米德螺旋天线偏心馈电带来的不良影响。通过改进天线的终端结构,节约了天线制作材料,提升了天线的整体性能。通过仿真分析研究了天线介质材料、馈电圆锥角、天线占空比等对天线性能的影响,并进行了优化设计。结果表明,设计的天线结构简单无需馈电巴伦,其工作频带为:1.15GHz^2.4GHz,具有良好的圆极化特性,在工作频带范围内天线最大辐射方向具有5dB以上的增益,基本满足超高频电磁信号的检测要求。A kind of single-arm archimedean spiral antenna which can be directly fed by a 50Ωcoaxial cable is stud-ied in this paper. In order to make the antenna work in the ultra-high frequency band, every antenna parameter is op-timized under the circumstance of simulation. The stability of the antenna structure is guaranteed by using a conical metal to feed it transitively, and the shortcomings of the eccentric feeding way used in the single-arm Archimedean an-tenna can also be eliminated. The material used for manufacturing the antenna can be saved by changing the terminal structure of the antenna, meanwhile the performance of the antenna can be improved. This paper also investigates the influence caused by the dielectric materials, the feed cone angle and the antenna duty ratio, then the antenna is opti-mized according to the conclusion. The simulation results show that the antenna is balun-free and can work in the 1. 15GHz^2. 4GHz frequency band. What’s more the antenna realizes the circular polarization and the peak gain can be more than 5dB within the frequency band. So the antenna can meet the requirements of the ultra-high frequency band detection.

关 键 词：单臂阿基米德螺旋 超高频 无巴伦 圆极化 优化仿真 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]