胺法脱碳系统动态特性及控制策略研究  

Investigation of the Dynamic Behavior and Control Strategies for a CO_2 Capture System Using Amine Solution

作　　者：李小飞[1] 王淑娟[1] 陈昌和[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2014年第8期1215-1223,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国际科技合作计划项目(2013DFB60140)~~

摘　　要：由于电力需求的波动,受上游碳捕集电厂负荷变化的影响,胺法脱碳系统本质上是一个动态系统。但绝大多数关于胺法脱碳系统的研究是基于稳态运行方式展开的,对碳捕集系统动态研究还处于起步阶段。文中基于一个典型的燃煤电厂胺法脱碳装置,应用Aspen Dynamics软件建立胺法脱碳系统动态模型。研究了带基本控制结构胺法脱碳系统在再沸器热功率、烟气流量及烟气组分阶跃变化时,吸收和再生过程的动态响应特性。结果表明,在阶跃扰动下,CO2脱除率发生阶跃变化。为了实现固定的CO2脱除率,提出2种比例控制策略,根据烟气处理量及组分浓度变化,分别通过调节贫液流量及贫液CO2担载量来保持固定的CO2脱除率。动态分析表明,在烟气流量及组分阶跃变化时,2种控制策略下的胺法脱碳系统均可以实现固定的CO2脱除率。The amine-based CO2 capture system is an inherently dynamic system that is affected by the load variations in the up-stream power plant due to fluctuations in electricity demand. However, most of researches in this field are based on the steady state operation model, little dynamic data and analysis of the dynamic behavior of a CO2 capture system are available in open literatures, A dynamic model of amine-based CO2 capture system was developed with Aspen Dynamics software based on a typical coal fired power plant. Dynamic responses of the amine-based CO2 capture system with basic control structure were studied when step change in reboiler heat duty, flue gas flowrate and CO2 composition. The results show that the CO2 removal efficiency is influenced by the flue gas disturbances. The CO2 removal target is guaranteed by two proportional control strategies, and operating parameters can be adjusted according to the changes of the flowrate and CO2 composition in flue gas. Dynamic simulations show that the CO2 capture system can achieve removal targets with the proposed control strategies.

关 键 词：脱碳 动态特性 控制策略 ASPEN DYNAMICS 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]