长管拖车气瓶火烧损伤分析及安全评定  

Analysis on Safety Assessment on Fire Damage of Tube Trailer Gas Cylinder

作　　者：董红磊[1] 李邦宪[1] 张君鹏[1] 高兆江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国特种设备检测研究院

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2014年第3期23-25,30,共4页China Special Equipment Safety

摘　　要：结合长管拖车的结构和火灾事故特点,对瓶体常见损伤模式进行分析,并根据损伤程度的不同制定安全评定流程和相应指标。若漆层完好仅发生熏黄、熏黑,可进行正常定期检验;若漆层发生烧黑、碳化或脱落,抛丸后瓶体未发生颜色异常,则对着火部位硬度测定,合格则正常定检,不合格进行金相分析;若抛丸后瓶体颜色发生变化或微量凸起,则进行硬度测定、金相分析和水压试验;若瓶体发现明显变形,则直接判废。硬度评定合格指标为183<HB<269,在269<HB<286范围内的需结合化学成分和金相组织综合评定;金相组织以索氏体为主,不允许出现铁素体和珠光体;水压试验要求容积残余变形率小于10%。Common damage models of cylinder were analyzed according to the structure and fire accident features. Safety assessment program and relative index were also given according to different degrees of damage. The normal periodic inspection can be conducted if paint layer of the cylinder was just smoking yellow and black. If the paint layer was blackening, charring or dropping out, shot blasting treatment should be taken. Hardness test of fire location was performed while the color of cylinder was the same before fire. The periodic inspection can be conducted if the result of hardness was qualified, or the metallographic analysis should be given. If the color was changed or micro bulge after fire, the hardness, microstructure and hydraulic test should be performed. The cylinder should be dammed if the transformation was obvious. Hardness assessment of conformity index was 183〈HB〈269. Chemical compositions and microstructure should be given to comprehensive assessment if the hardness was 269〈HB〈286. The proper microstructure was main sorbite, while ferrite and pearlite was not allowed. The ratio of permanent volumetric expansion was less than 10% in hydraulic test.

关 键 词：长管拖车 火灾损伤评定 水压试验 容积残余变形率 

分 类 号：TG115.51[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]