如何探索中国的宪政道路?——对白轲教授的回应  

How to Explore the Chinese Path to Constitutionalism? A Response to Larry Catá Backer

作　　者：强世功[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《开放时代》2014年第2期57-69,7,共13页Open Times

摘　　要：本文回顾了作者研究中国宪政秩序的学术背景,即在回应"宪法司法化"主张过程中,从法律社会学和法律政治学的视角来探索中国实际存在的宪政体制,从而将中国共产党作为"事实上的主权者"纳入到中国宪政研究中。作者讨论了白轲教授和他的诸多共同观点,回应了白轲教授提出的几个问题,阐明福柯和卢梭的主权观对理解中国宪政秩序的重要意义,以及法律人与中国宪政体制之间的微妙关系,同时指出他与白轲教授对中国共产党的理解和定位的不同。作者认为,要探索中国宪政的道路必须关心更大的理论问题,包括思考历史是否终结,普适价值如何中国化以及中国应当如何学习西方的历史经验等,从而走出中国自己的宪政道路。In this article,the author reflects on how Larry Catá Backer's legal-sociological approach to Chinese constitutionalism and his positioning of the Chinese Communist Party as de facto sovereign in China were formulated in response to the argument about'constitutional adjudication'in Chinese legal academic circles. The author shares many views with Backer. As a response to Backer's review,the author discusses the points that concern Backer — such as Foucault's and Rousseau's theories of sovereignty and their implications for understanding Chinese constitutionalism,the subtle relation between Chinese lawyers and Chinese constitutionalism — and clarifies his difference with Backer on understanding and positioning the Chinese Communist Party. The author argues that,in order to explore the Chinese path to constitutionalism,we need to think about some fundamental theoretical questions:Are we on the way to the end of history? How can we'Sinicize'universal values and what lessons should we take from the experience of Western countries with constitutionalism? etc. The answer to these questions points to the viable Chinese path to constitutionalism.

关 键 词：党国宪政体制 中国宪政道路 普适价值中国化 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]