全程机械化:新疆棉花产业发展的必然选择——以新疆博乐市达勒特镇呼热布呼村为例  

FULLY MECHANIZED: THE INEVITABLY CHOICE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF XINJIANG COTTON INDUSTRY——TAKING BOLE CITY OF XINJIANG AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：刘北桦[1] 雷钧 詹玲[1] 宋杨[1] 杨照[3] 

机构地区：[1]农业部发展计划司 [2]新疆农业资源区划办公室 [3]农业部规划设计研究院

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2014年第1期8-11,43,共5页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

摘　　要：新疆是我国最大的优质棉生产基地,目前初步形成了"世界棉花形势看中国,中国棉花市场看新疆"的格局,对保障国家棉花产业安全,促进新疆农业增效、农民增收和经济社会稳定发挥了重要作用。近年来,新疆棉花生产成本不断上涨、国内外棉花价差巨大,棉农生产积极性急剧下降,国家棉花安全和棉农收益受到严重影响。发展计划司带队赴新疆博乐市达勒特镇呼热布呼村就"新疆棉花产业现代化道路该如何走"等相关问题进行调研。通过调研,调研组认为实现棉花生产全程机械化是降低棉花生产成本、实现棉花产业现代化、巩固新疆棉花产业优势地位的必然选择。呼热布呼村闯出了新路,主要通过以棉田改造为基础,推进棉花标准化种植、以机械采棉为突破口,推进棉花生产全程机械化、以技术推广服务为支撑,推进棉花社会化服务体系建设等5方面,实现棉花生产全程机械化、促进棉花产业现代化积累了经验。同时也分析了制约新疆棉花生产全程机械化的5个重点环节,提出了进一步推进棉田改造、加强适应棉花机械化集成技术和品种研究、加大技术推广和培训力度等5方面来推进新疆棉花生产全程机械化的对策措施。Xinjiang is China＇s largest production base of cotton, where has great impacts on China~ and the world＂ s cotton market and has played an important role in ensuring the security of national cotton industry, improving agri- cultural efficiency, increasing farmers＂ income and promoting Xinjiang~ economic and social stability. With the in- crease of the cotton production costs and the price difference between home and abroad, the farmers＂ enthusiasm in cotton production sharply dropped, and the cotton yield and income were severely affected. Based on the investiga- tion on the Xinjiang cotton industry modernization way in Durham Town, Bole City by the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, the authors thought that realizing cotton production fully mechanization was an inevitable choice to reduce the cost of cotton production, realize cotton industry modernization, and consoli- date the Xinjiang cotton industry dominance. The Hurebuhu village rushed out a new road to realize full mechaniza- tion of cotton production, and promote modernization of cotton industry, mainly based on the cotton transformation, the standardization of cotton planting, the cotton production mechanization, technical extension, and social service system construction Also it analyzed the restrict factors of Xinjiang mechanization cotton production, and proposed some countermeasures, including further promoting cotton transformation, strengthening the research of cotton mechanization integration technology and varieties, strengthening technology popularization and training.

关 键 词：棉花 机械化 产业发展 对策措施 新疆 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]