俄语“民族”(нация)概念的内涵及其论争  

The Connotation and Debates about the Concept of нация

作　　者：何俊芳[1] 王浩宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院北京,100081

出　　处：《世界民族》2014年第1期28-35,共8页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：2013年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“多民族杂居区民族宽容研究”(项目编号:13YJA850004)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：俄语中的"民族"(нация)一词源于拉丁语natio,早期的含义通常与术语"人民、人们"的含义相同。苏联时期,随着斯大林民族理论的应用,俄语中的"民族"在学术界和社会实践中被看作是族体发展的高级形式,但仍然属于"族裔民族"的范畴。苏联解体后,在俄罗斯出现了把"族裔民族"理解为"公民民族"内涵的转向。目前,在俄罗斯社会已形成了把"民族"(нация)作为公民共同体和把民族作为族裔共同体并用的局面,"公民民族"和"族裔民族"的概念已广泛传播开来。但从原苏联范围内发表的论著看,在传统意义上使用民族概念的人至今仍占多数,因此要完全把"民族"的内涵从族裔民族转向公民民族的理解,还需要经历一个很漫长的过程。The Russian word ＂aat^rm＂, or nation, derived from Latin ＂natio＂. It means ＂people＂ or ＂folks＂ in early usage. In Soviet times, with the application of Stalin＇s National Theory, ＂Haция＂ was regarded as one of the advanced forms of ethnicity development in academic circle and social practices, but it was still categorized as ＂ethnic nation＂. In Russia, after the disintegration of Soviet Union, ＂ethnic nationality＂ was gradually understood as ＂civic nation＂. At present Russian society, Hating, or nation, refers to both civic community and ethnic community, and the concepts of ＂ethnic nation＂ and ＂civic nation＂ are widely spread. However, seeing from the papers and books published in former Soviet Union, the majority of people still used the word ＂nation＂ in its traditional sense. Thus, there is still a long way to go before ＂nation＂ can be understood as civic nation rather than ethnic nation.

关 键 词：苏联 俄罗斯俄语“民族”(Haция) 族裔民族 公民民族 

分 类 号：D562[政治法律—政治学] D751.2[政治法律—国际政治]