特殊作业条件下头部过载对人体的影响  

Effects of Head Overload on Human Body under Special Operating Conditions

作　　者：段亚[1] 朴星日[1] 李研生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国飞行试验研究院航电所,陕西西安710089

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2014年第1期10-14,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：目的获取特殊作业条件下的人体头部过载试验数据,研究人体对短时高强度过载冲击的响应特性及其对人体的影响。方法对现有试验设施进行改装,针对特殊作业条件下人体头部过载进行试验方案设计,采集获取乘体过载、人体头部过载等试验数据。通过试验数据分析了人体头部对过载冲击的响应特性,并从人体头部过载耐受性、头部损伤评估、头部共振等方面分析对人体的影响。结果在试验过程中,人体头部过载和乘体过载在趋势上具有良好一致性,但是峰值均高于乘体,二者差值随乘体运动速度增大而增大。结论人体头部对短时高强度过载的反应较剧烈,对人体安全性和舒适性造成了严重的威胁,但不会产生共振,不会对人体造成负面影响。虽然人体头部过载峰值和作用时间未超出人体耐受极限,但在不断累积情况下,可能会影响乘员健康。Objective To obtain the human head overload test data under special operating conditions, and study the response characteristics of short-duration high-intensity overload impact and its effects on the human body. Methods The existing test equipments were improved and the test scheme was designed according to the special operating conditions of human head overload. Then, the test data of aircraft overload and human head overload were collected. The response characteristics of human head overload impact were analyzed and the in- fluence on the human body in terms of human head overload tolerance , head injury evaluation and head reso- nance were discussed with the test data. Results During the test, human head overload was consistent with the trend of the carrier overload, but the peak was higher and the differences increased as the velocity increased. Conclusion Human head has more severe reactions to the short-duration high-intensity overload. It causes se- rious threats to the human safety and comfort. Human head does not resonate, so it has no negative impact on the human body. Although the peak and duration of human overload do not exceed the limit of human toler- ance, it may affect crew health with continuous accumulation.

关 键 词：特殊作业条件 人体 头部过载 影响分析 

分 类 号：R852.25[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]