舱外航天服液温调节特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Liquid Temperature Modulation Characteristics of EVA Spacesuit.

作　　者：张万欣[1] 王涛[1] 王海亮[1] 李冰[1] 周晓晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因重点工程试验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2014年第1期37-42,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：总装试验技术课题(2010SY540804)

摘　　要：目的研究舱外服的液温调节特性与换热量的对应关系，为液温调节阀的档位设计和自动温控设计提供依据。方法舱外服置于温度舱内，尽可能减小其与环境的热流；暖体假人着液冷服穿入舱外服内，模拟人体代谢产热；舱外服加压并控制余压40kPa。开启风机和循环泵，保证通风和液冷循环并实现设备产热；净化装置采用模拟件；利用地面设备模拟改变水升华器出口水温和冷路流量。热平衡时计算系统换热量。结果液冷换热量随着冷路水流量的增大和水升华器出口水温降低而增大；通风换热量随着冷路水流量的增大而减小，随水升华器出口水温降低而增大。结论舱外服换热量与冷路流量为非线性变化关系；舱外服液温调节阀的分流特性应分段设计；在满足最大换热量的前提下，水升华器出口水温应控制在5～7℃。Objective To study the relationship between the liquid temperature modulation characteristic and heat exchange and provide the basic data for the design of liquid temperature control valve position and auto- matic thermal control. Methods The experiment was conducted in a thermal chamber with an EVA spacesuit inside and the environmental heat flux as much as possible was decreased. A thermal manikin with liquid cool- ing garment was placed in the suit to simulate the body metabolic heat production. The suit was pressurized to a differential pressure of 40 kPa. The fan and pump of the suit were turned on to provide gas ventilation and liquid coohng circulation as well as the equipment heat production. The water sublimator outlet water tempera- ture and coolant water flow rate were controlled by the ground equipment. The heat removal rate was calculated when the system was in the state of thermal balance. Results Liquid cooling heat removal rate increased as the coolant water flow rate increased and the sublimator outlet water temperature decreased. Gas ventilation heat removal rate decreased as the coolant water flow rate increased and increased as the sublimator outlet water temperature decreased. Conclusion There is a non-linear relationship between the suit heat removal rate and coolant water flow rate. The flow distribution design of liquid temperature control valve should be non-linear. To acquire the maximal heat removal capability, the sublimator outlet water temperature range should be 5 -7 ℃. Key words：EVA sDacesuit： liquid temperature modulation; water flow distribution characteristics

关 键 词：舱外航天服 液温调节 水流分布特性 

分 类 号：R852.83[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]