河北一次层状云系降水的微物理机制数值模拟与分析  

Numerical simulation on microphysical mechanism of stratiform cloud precipitation in Hebei province

作　　者：王秀娟[1] 姜忠宝[2] 杨洁帆[3] 夏葳[4] 张超[4] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省气象台,吉林长春130062 [2]吉林省气候中心,吉林长春130062 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [4]大连市气象局,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41105095和41005073);吉林省气象局科技经费支持项目"松辽流域降水预报技术开发和系统研制"(201304)共同资助

摘　　要：利用一维层状云模式,详细分析了2009年5月1日中国中东部地区一次层状云系的微物理结构和降水过程。结果表明:此次降水为层状云系降水,云系垂直结构符合顾震潮3层概念模型和"播种云—供给云"机制,其中第一层(上层:4.7—7.0 km)存在冰雪晶,雪主要通过冰晶自动转化和凝华增长;第二层(中层:2.6—4.6 km)有冰晶、雪、霰、云水和雨滴,此层贝吉龙过程作用明显;第三层(下层:1.3—2.5 km)主要粒子为云滴、雨滴及从上层融化的雪和霰,霰的融化对雨滴的形成贡献最大。云体发展成熟时,各层之间存在一定的播种—供应关系,如第一层向第二层顶部播撒雪和冰晶,第二层向第三层顶部播撒霰和雪。Microphysical structures and precipitation process of a stratiform cloud on May 1,2009 in middle-east of China were analyzed by a one-dimensional stratiform cloud model. The results indicate that this precipitation process is caused by stratiform cloud, and the vertical structure of stratiform cloud is consistent with Koo Chen- Chao＇s three-layer cloud conceptual model and “seeder-feeder” cloud mechanism. In the first layer （upper layer from 4. 7 km to 7.0 km）, there are ice crystal particles and snowflake, and the latter is formed in the way of subli- mation and automatical conversion from ice crystal. In the second layer （middle layer from 2.6 km to 4. 6 km）, there are ice crystal particles, snowflake, graupel, supercooled water droplets and rain droplets, and they are influ- enced significantly by the Bergeron process. In the third layer （ lower layer from 1.3 km to 2. 5 km）, there are mainly cloud droplets, rain droplets, the melting snow droplets and graupel droplets from upper layers. The graupel droplets contribute greatly to the formation of rain droplets. When the cloud system develops maturely,there is a certain ＂seeder-feeder＂ relationship among the different layers. For example,the first layer supplies snow and ice crystal parti- cles to the too of the second layer and the second layer sends graupel and snow particles to the top of the third layer.

关 键 词：层状云 一维层状云模式 三层概念模型 微物理 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]