河北省霾日变化及成因  

Change of haze day and its forming reason in Hebei province

作　　者：付桂琴[1,2] 张迎新[3,2] 谷永利 张彦恒 

机构地区：[1]河北省气象服务中心,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省气象与生态环境实验室,河北石家庄050021 [3]河北省气象台,河北石家庄050021 [4]河北省气象信息中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第1期51-56,共6页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)专项"华北地区雾的适应性观测与数值预报技术研究"(GYHY201006011);"华北地区大气水循环及空中水资源的潜势研究"(GYHY200906025)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1981—2010年河北省142个气象站地面观测资料,按照霾的观测和预报等级行业标准,分析河北省霾日空间分布特征,以石家庄为例对多霾日成因进行探讨。结果表明:河北省霾日主要分布在太行山东麓地区,霾日大值中心随时间范围扩大,日数呈增加趋势;典型代表站霾日随时间呈增加、减少和平稳变化3种趋势,单站变化差异明显;河北省霾日主要以能见度大于5 km轻微霾为主,代表站中度和重度霾日季节变化显著,64%以上出现在秋冬季节;霾的形成是多种因素综合作用的结果,区域霾日分布主要与地理环境有关,逆温层、风速、相对湿度、年降水日数与霾的形成有关。此外,地方经济发展和人类社会活动对大气污染物的排放起一定作用。Based on the observed meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 in Hebei province, the temporal and spatial distributions of haze days were analyzed according to the observation and forecast standard of haze. The forming reason was discussed using haze days in Shijiazhuang as a case study. The results indicate that the haze days appear frequently in the east of Taihangshan mountain area. The center of the great frequency haze days expanses with the time, and the frequency is in a increasing trend. The haze days have three changing styles in the representative sta- tion, namely,increasing, decreasing and stability. There is a significantly change between stations. The haze days are mainly light haze and its visibility is more than five kilometers in Hebei province. There is a significantly sea- sonal change for the middle and serious haze days in the representative station. Most haze days appear in autumn and winter and account for 64% of the total. The haze formation is a result of combing effects from many factors. The regional distribution of haze days is related with the geographical environment and climatic factors such as in- version temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and annual precipitation days. Furthermore, air pollutant emis- sions caused by the local economy development and the human society action could also lead to the haze.

关 键 词：霾 能见度 成因 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]