江西武夷山南方铁杉生长规律及更新困难的原因解释  

Growing Law and Cause of Poor Regeneration of Tsuga chinensis var.tchekiangensis in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve

作　　者：祁红艳[1] 金志农[2] 杨清培[1] 袁荣斌 裘利洪[1] 施建敏[1] 欧阳明[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学/江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学江西鄱阳湖流域农业生态工程中心,江西南昌330045 [3]江西武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西铅山334500

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2014年第1期137-143,208,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC11B02);江西武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局发展项目

摘　　要：为了解珍稀植物南方铁杉的生长过程及林下更新困难的原因。在南方铁杉森林群落调查的基础上,选取不同层次树木进行树干解析,分别研究林冠层、下木层南方铁杉生长过程。结果发现:(1)在成熟林中南方铁杉种群结构呈"倒金字塔"形,林冠层数量较多,林下幼苗幼树较少,自然更新困难;(2)南方铁杉生长较为缓慢,林冠层与下木层最大树高生长量分别仅为0.286、0.315 m/a,最大胸径生长量仅为0.453、0.286 cm/a,最大树积生长量仅为0.033、0.007 m3/a;(3)与林冠层相比,下木层南方铁杉除树高生长外,胸径、材积的最大连年生长年龄分别提前了39 a、42 a,数量成熟年龄分别提前了64 a和59 a,而且其树高、胸径与材积3者的速生生长时间都明显短缩。这些结果说明生长缓慢、林下受压"早衰"是南方铁杉林下更新困难的重要原因。研究结果为南方铁杉的就地保护和人工林经营提供理论参考。In order to recognize the growth law of Tsuga chinensis var.tchekiangensis and thus to under-stand the mechanisms of its poor regeneration ,4 trees in mature T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis forest in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve were sampled for stem analysis .The results showed that （1） T.chinensis var. tchekiangensis population was declining in mature forests with fewer seedlings in the understory .（2） T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis was a slow growing species ,whose maximum height increments （ Hmax ） were only0.286 m/a for the canopy trees and 0.315 m/a for understory trees ,whose maximum DBH （ diameter at breast height） increments （Dmax） were 0.315 cm/a and 0.286 cm/a,maximum volumn increment （Vmax） were 0.033 m3/a and 0.007 m3/a respectively.（3） The ages of Dmaxand Vmax for trees in the understory （TU） were 39 and 42 years earlier than the ages of the trees in the canopy （ TC） ,and the mature ages of DBH and volume for TU were 64 and 59 years earlier than that in the TC respectively .These findings suggested that slow-growing and premature senility when shaded are the leading causes of difficult regeneration for T.chinensis var.tchekiangensis in mature forests ,which provides a theoretic basis for protecting and managing this promising species .

关 键 词：南方铁杉 生长规律 林下更新 江西武夷山自然保护区 

分 类 号：S792.170.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]