汽车悬架系统中铰接点载荷的计算方法  

A Calculation Method of the Loads in the Hinge Points of Vehicle Suspension System

作　　者：上官文斌[1,2] 代林[1] 林浩挺[1] 俞宏 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641 [2]宁波拓普集团股份有限公司,宁波315800

出　　处：《汽车工程》2014年第2期222-230,共9页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50975091)资助

摘　　要：考虑衬套6个自由度的非线性刚度,建立了汽车悬架系统中各铰接点(球铰和衬套)载荷的计算模型。基于悬架控制臂和转向节臂等力-位移静平衡方程,给出了悬架系统各铰接点力的计算公式。以某一汽车的双横臂悬架系统为例,分别利用未考虑控制臂衬套、仅考虑控制臂衬套的线刚度和同时考虑衬套线刚度和扭转刚度(6自由度的非线性刚度)的3种模型,计算了在汽车典型和极限载荷工况下悬架系统各铰接点的受力。计算结果表明,在极限载荷工况下,考虑衬套6个自由度非线性刚度的模型能更准确地计算出各铰接点的力;计算得到的载荷可用作悬架系统各元件强度计算、刚度计算和疲劳试验的载荷输入。A calculation model for the loads in all hinge points （ ball joint and bushing） of vehicle suspen- sion system is built with consideration of the nonlinear stiffness in six DOFs. The calculation formulae for the forces in all hinge points of suspension system are given based on the force-displacement static equilibrium equations of control arm and steering knuckle arm. With the double-wishbone suspension system of a vehicle as example, three models are set up： one without consideration of control arm bushing, another one with consideration of only the translational stiffness of bushing and third one with consideration of both translational and torsional stiffness （ nonlin- ear stiffness in six DOFs） , and the forces in all hinge points of suspension system under typical and extreme loading conditions are calculated respectively. The results show that in extreme loading conditions, the forces in all hinge points can be calculated more accurately using the model with nonlinear stiffness in six DOFs, and the loads calcu- lated can be used as load input in strength and stiffness calculations and fatigue test for all components in suspension system.

关 键 词：悬架系统 衬套 铰接点 载荷计算 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]