生物质炭对烤烟干物质积累量及根际土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Biochar on Dry Matter Accumulation of Flue-cured Tobacco and Physical and Chemical Property of Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：王丽渊[1] 刘国顺[1] 王林虹[1] 张康旭 刘红恩[1] 丁松爽[1] 贾方方[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《华北农学报》2014年第1期140-144,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：中国烟草总公司浓香型特色优质烟叶开发重大专项(110201101001(TS-01))

摘　　要：为初步探讨生物质炭对烤烟生长及根际土壤理化性质的影响,通过盆栽试验,研究了在施用化肥的基础上添加不同量(70,140,210 g/盆)生物质炭对烤烟干物质积累量及根际土壤酶活性、土壤有机质含量、土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)的影响。结果表明:施加生物质炭提高了烤烟生育中、后期干物质积累量,且添加140 g/盆生物质炭处理效果最明显。在烤烟移栽后80 d内,生物质炭抑制根际土壤转化酶活性,但这种抑制作用随着生育期的推进而逐渐减小,至移栽后80 d,添加70 g/盆生物质炭处理的土壤转化酶活性超过了同时期不添加生物质炭的处理;施加生物质炭可以提高烤烟生育后期过氧化氢酶活性,移栽80 d后,土壤过氧化氢酶活性随着生物质炭添加量的增加而提高。土壤有机质含量随着生物质炭添加量的增加而显著提高;在烤烟生长后期,施加生物质炭对土壤微生物量碳具有提高作用,以140 g/盆生物质炭处理效果最明显,70 g/盆处理次之。因此,施加生物质炭可以显著提高烤烟全生育期根际土壤有机质含量,改善土壤质量(生长后期),促进烤烟生长,且以施加70,140 g/盆生物质炭处理表现出的综合效果较好。For exploring the effects of biochar application on flue-cured tobacco growth and the physical and chemical property of rhizosphere soil. A pot experiment was conducted to study the accumulation of tobacco leaf dry matter,rhizosphere soil properties so as：soil enzyme activity,content of soil organic matter,soil SMBC by applying different amount（70,140,210 g/20 kg）of biochar. The results showed that：The application of biochar increased the dry matter accumulation of tobacco at the middle and late growth stage,and the effect with 70 g biochar application was most obvious. Biochar inhibited the activity of soil invertase,but the inhibition decreased with the development of growth period,and at 90 days after transplanting,the activity of soil invertase with 70 g biochar application was higher than CK. Biochar can increase the activity of catalase at the late growth stage. The application of biochar sig-nificantly increased content of organic matter in the whole growth period,increased soil SMBC in the late growth stage. So,the application of biochar can significantly increased content of organic matter,modified growth environ-ments of flue-cured tobacco,and improved its growth,low-to-mid application rate of biochar（70,140 g/20 kg ） has the better effects.

关 键 词：烤烟 生物质炭 根际土壤 理化性质 干物质积累 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]