春播与复播油葵产量形成及群体生理参数比较研究  

Comparative study of grain yield and canopy physiological parameter of oil- sunflower between spring sowing and stubble- field

作　　者：杨相昆[1,2] 魏建军[1,2] 张力[1,2] 张占琴[1,2] 田海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2014年第1期59-65,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD29B06);兵团重大产学研合作科技专项计划(2010ZX01);科技支疆专项计划(2009ZJ02);谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室基金项目(CQG 2012-XJ04)

摘　　要：在新疆石河子地区,在滴灌、种植密度和田间配置方式相同的条件下,比较了春播与复播油葵品种新葵20号产量形成及群体生理参数。结果表明,春播条件下,生育期、生物产量、籽实产量、收获指数分别为97d、9 271.9kg/hm2、4 349.0kg/hm2、0.47,复播条件下则分别为94d、14 413.5kg/hm2、41 06.4kg/hm2、0.35。春播和复播的最大叶面积指数(LAImax)分别为4.54和5.52。每公顷春播的光合势(LAD)为93.25m2·d,开花后占77.6%;复播则为94.12m2·d,开花后占82.9%。春、复播全生育期平均净同化率(NAR)分别为3.67、5.26g/(m2·d)。采用更早熟的品种,提早播种,使灌浆提前,加之使用植物生长调节剂以增强光合产物向籽实转移,有望进一步提高复播油葵产量。Field experiment was carried out to comparative study yield formation and canopy physiological parameter of oil - sunflower hybrid Xinkui20 population between spring sowing and stubble - field. The results showed that ： the growth period of spring sowing sunflowers was 97d, and biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were 9 271. 9, 4 349. 0kg/hm^2 and 47% respectively. Correspondingly, sunflowers in stubble - field were 94d, ld 413.5,4 106. d kg/hm2 and 34.7% respectively. LAImax of sunflower in spring sowing and in stubble - field were 4.54 and 5.52 respectively LAD. Per hectare of spring sowing sunflower was 93.25m2 · d, and after flowering was 77.6% ; LAD per hectare of sunflowers in stubble - field was 94. 12m^2 ·d, and after flowering was 82.9% ; Average of NAR during whole growth days of spring sowing sunflower and sunflowers in stubble - field respectively were 3.67,5.26g/m2 · d. Using early - maturing variety and earlier sowing date, the grain - filling stage could be earlier. In the meantime, applying plant growth regulator, could transfer photosynthesis product to seeds more efficiently and improve yield in stubble- field.

关 键 词：油葵 春播 复播 群体生理参数 产量 

分 类 号：S565.503[农业科学—作物学]