2010—2012年太原市腹泻住院婴幼儿轮状病毒流行及型别特征  

Study on the epidemic characteristics and serotype diversifies of rotavirus among patients with viral diarrhea under five years old in Taiyuan between 2010 and 2012

作　　者：任斌知[1] 赵嵘[1] 王乃昌[1] 张凡非[1] 刘元[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心,030012

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2014年第3期229-233,共5页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

基　　金：2008年度留学回国人员科技活动项目择优资助(启动类)

摘　　要：目的 对太原市5岁以下住院婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原微生物A组轮状病毒（RV）感染的分子流行病学和RV血清型别的变化特征进行研究,为RV感染性腹泻的防治和疫苗接种提供科学依据.方法 采集山西省儿童医院2010年1月至2012年12月5岁以下腹泻住院患儿的粪便样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测A组RV抗原,半巢式多重反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对阳性标本进行G、P分型.结果 989份样本中A组RV检测阳性率为49.5%;2010-2012年分别为53.6%,41.2%,53.0%.RV感染病例主要集中在11月至次年2月之间（65.8%-92.0%）.RV感染95.5%发生在2岁以下的婴幼儿,在13-18个月龄段患儿中RV检出率最高（65.6%）.RV流行株2010年以 G3P[8]为主（58.8%）;2011年以G3＋9P[8]（30.6%）、G9P[8]（28.7%）、G3P[8]（25.0%）三种为主;2012年以G9P[8]（60.9%）为主.未检出G4、G8、P[10]、P[11].世界各地常见组合G9P[8]、G3P[8]、G2P[4]、G1P[8]共占78.6%.结论 RV是引起婴幼儿病毒性腹泻主要的病原之一,G9取代G3在本地区主要流行,以G9P[8]为主要优势株.对RV血清型保持系统性的连续监测对RV疫苗在太原的应用是必要的.Objective To study the molecular epidemiology on the infection of group A rotavirus （RV） and the diversify of RV serotypes in patients with diarrhea under 5 years old in Taiyuan, and to provide scientific foundations for preventing and treating the RV infected diarrhea, as well as vaccinating. Methods Stool specimens and clinical data were collected from inpatients under 5 yearn old with acute diarrhea in Children＇s Hospital of Shanxi from January, 2010 to December, 2012. RV （group A） was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, further strain charac- terization （G/P typing） was carried out by seminested multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results RV （group A） was identified in 49.5% in the 989 specimens. Moreover, 53.6%, 41.2%, 53.0% from 2010 to 2012 respectively. RV was mostly detected from November to February of next year （65.8%-92.0%）. RV infected cases about 95.9% were children under 2 years old. Furthermore, RV was mostly found by 65.6% in children aged from 13 to 18 months. Mainly prevalence strains of RV was G3P[8]（58.8%） in 2010; G3＋9P[8]（30.6%）, G9P[8]（28.7%）, G3P [8]（25.0%） with co-prevalence in 2011; G9P[8]（60.9%）in 2012, respectively. However, G4, GS, P[IO] and PIll] were not detected. The most common combinations worldwide as G9P[ 8 ], G3P[ 8 ], G2P[4], G1P[ 8 ] were totally 78.6%. Conclusion RV is one of the most pathogen contributing to the viral diarrhea among children. G9 becomes the major epidemic serotype in this city instead of G3. The predominant RV strain circulated is G9P [8]. It is necessary to systemically keep continuous surveillance of RV serotype for the application of vaccines in Taiyuan.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 腹泻 儿童 住院 流行病学 血清型 疫苗 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]