秦岭中段华北落叶松人工林演替动态  

Succession Dynamics of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Intermediate Section of Qinling Mountains

作　　者：柴宗政[1] 王得祥[1] 郝亚中 张丽楠[1] 朱红燕[1] 张丛珊 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,杨凌712100 [2]陕西省宁东林业局,西安710000

出　　处：《林业科学》2014年第2期14-21,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项经费(20100400206);国家自然科学基金项目(31070570)

摘　　要：探讨秦岭中段中低海拔及中高海拔地带18～48年生华北落叶松人工林的演替趋势,并提出相应经营策略。结果表明:中低海拔地带华北落叶松人工林的演替趋势为华北落叶松人工纯林→华北落叶松+锐齿栎+青榨槭+野核桃+漆树针阔混交林→锐齿栎+野核桃+漆树阔叶混交顶级群落,其经营策略为经济效益与生态效益并重,采用近自然森林经营技术将其营建成以华北落叶松为建群种,锐齿栎、漆树和野核桃为伴生树种的异龄、复层混交林;中高海拔地带华北落叶松人工林的演替趋势为华北落叶松人工纯林→华北落叶松+华山松+红桦针阔混交林→华山松+红桦+云杉(含青杄)/巴山冷杉针阔混交林→云杉(含青杄)/巴山冷杉的顶级群落,其经营策略为考虑更换树种,遵循自然演替趋势,通过人为干预加快其向云杉(含青杄)或巴山冷杉顶级群落的演替进程。In this paper, we investigated the successfion tendency of 18 -48-year-old Larix prineipis-rupprecblii plantations in mid-low ahitude and mid-high altitude districts, and propose（l the eorrespon（ling marlagetnent strategies. The resnhs showed that ：the succession tendency of L. principis-rupprectttii plantations in mid-low altitude districl would he the pure L. prineipis-rupprechtii forests→mixed broadleaf-conifer forests of L. principis-ruppreehtii ＋ Querecus aliena var. acllteserrata ＋ Acer davidii ＋ Juglans calhayensis ＋ toxicodendron vernicifluum→ mixed hroadleaf-conifer climax conununilies of Querells aliena vat. aeuteserrata ＋ Juglans eathayensis ＋ Toxieodendron verniciftum. The management strategy paid equal attention to economic benefit and ecological benefit, The close-to-nature forest management technology was used to huihl the different age, stratified mixed forests in which L. princilpis-rupprechtii was dominant species and Quereus aliena var. acuteserrata ＋ Juglans cathayensis ＋ Toxicodendron vernieifluum were associaled species. The succession tendency of L. principis-rupprechtii plantations in mid-high altitude district wouhl be the pure L. prineipis- rtlpprechtii forests→mixed broadleaf-conifer forests of L. prineipis-rupprechtii ＋ Pinus armandi ＋ Bettula albo-sittenis→mixed broadleaf-conifer forests of Pinus armandi ＋ Betula albo-sinensis ＋ Pinus asperata （Picea wilsonii ） or Abies .filrgesii→climax communities of Pinus asperata （Picea wilsonii） or Abiesfitrgesii. In this district, the management strategy shouhl consider tree species conversion, follow natural succession trend, and speed up its succession process to climax through human intervention communities of Pinus asperata （ Picea wilsonii ） or Abies ,fargesii.

关 键 词：秦岭中段 华北落叶松 森林演替 经营策略 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]