祁连山老虎沟12号冰川表面能量和物质平衡模拟  

Simulating the energy and mass balances on the Laohugou Glacier No.12 in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：陈记祖[1,2] 秦翔[1,2] 吴锦奎[2] 杜文涛[2] 孙维君[2] 刘宇硕[2] 黄哲[1] 杨俊华[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2014年第1期38-47,共10页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CBA01801);国家自然科学基金项目(41201067;41371091;41271085;41271085);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLCS-ZZ-2012-01-05)资助

摘　　要：采用HOCK的分布式能量物质平衡模型对老虎沟12号冰川消融期的物质平衡进行了模拟,时间步长为1 h,空间分辨率为30 m.模型结果利用物质平衡观测数据和气象站观测数据验证,模型模拟时期为2012年6月1日-9月30日.模型模拟结果表明,地形因子对太阳辐射影响相当显著;散射辐射在总辐射中的比例较大为39%,模拟期冰川表面物质平衡为-506 mm w.e..在模拟期整个冰川平均上净辐射占能量收入的84%,感热通量占有16%;消融耗热则是能量的主要支出占有62%,潜热通量占有能量支出的38%.By using a 1-h temporal resolution and 30-m spatial resolution grid-based distributive surface mass-en- ergy model, the energy distribution and mass balance on the Laohugou No. 12 Glacier were simulated. The peri- od of simulation was from June 1 st to September 30 th, 2012. The simulated results were validated by solar and net radiation data from meteorological stations and measured mass-balance data, respectively. The simulated re- suits show that terrain factors have a considerably effect on solar radiation. Diffuse radiation accounts for 38% of global radiation. The mass balance averaged over the simulated period is 893 mm w. e. During the simulative pe- riod and over the glacier, the net radiation is the principal energy source （84%）, followed by the sensible het flux （ 16% ） ; whereas the main energy expenditure is the heat flux for snow/ice ablation （62%）, followed by the latent heat flux （38%）.

关 键 词：老虎沟12号冰川 分布式能量-物质平衡模型 地形因子 散射辐射 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]