眼科病房护理时间分配研究  

Nurses′time distribution in an ophthalmic unit

作　　者：石美琴[1] 席淑新[2] 彭峥嵘[1] 傅瑾[2] 冉冰[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学护理学院,上海200032 [2]复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院眼科,上海200032

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2014年第4期56-60,共5页

基　　金：复旦大学护理科研基金项目(FNF201206);复旦大学第十三批研究生创新基金项目(FZF400402)

摘　　要：目的 了解眼科病房护理活动时间分配,为转变护理服务模式提供参考.方法 连续7d跟踪7名护士和护士助理当班期间的所有护理活动,形成209项护理活动列表,将护理活动与《护理措施分类》匹配,能匹配的护理活动分为直接护理措施和间接护理措施,不能匹配的护理活动归为相关护理活动和非生产性护理活动,形成眼科护理措施清单和工作抽样调查表.根据工作抽样法原理,由1名观察者调查所有在岗眼科护士/护士助理从事的活动,记录第一眼看到的活动种类,每天持续10 h（7：00～17：00）,观察间隔时间为10 min,调查持续20 d.结果 观察9 473次活动,总观察时间持续200 h.活动列表共囊括209项活动,其中183项（87.56％）护理活动可归类至53项护理措施,直接护理措施、间接护理措施、相关护理活动、非生产性活动时间所占比值分别是24.94％、31.98％、7.92％、35.16％.眼科病房白班生产率为64.84％.结论 眼科病房护士个人活动时间相对较多、生产率偏低.应将间接护理活动和相关护理活动转向非护理专业人员.同时应通过相应管理策略减少非生产性护理活动时间以提高生产率.Objective To identify and analyze the distribution of nurses＇ work hours at an ophthalmic unit, and to provide references for service mode transformation. Methods Seven nurses or nurse assistants were followed for 7 days by a researcher to observe all the activities they participated in for the whole shifts. Then a list of 209 activities were drafted, and the researcher attempted to match the activities with the activities described in Nursing Intervention Classification （NIC）. The activities successfully matched with NIC were classified into direct-care and indirect-care interventions, while the activities failing the match were classified into u- nit-related activities and nomproduetive activities. Hence, a list of ophthalmic nursing interventions and a work sampling instru ment were formed and used to conduct a work sampling study, in which, the researcher observed all the nurses or assistants on du ty for 20 days, and 10 hours for each day（7：00--17：00）, and recorded a snapshot of nursing activities at 10 minute intervals ac cording to work sampling theory. Results A total of 9 473 nursing activities were observed and recorded over 200 hours. The activi ties lists comprised 209 nursing activities, among which, 183 （87.56 %） fell into 53 NIC interventions. Ophthalmic nurses＇ working time was categorized into 24.94 % of direct-care interventions, 31.98 % of indirect-care interventions, 7.92 % of unit-related activi- ties and 35.16% of non-productive activities. The productivity of nurses in the ophthalmic unit stood at 64.84%. Conclusion Nur ses working in the ophthalmic unit participated in relatively long time of personal activities and yielded low productivity. Nurse managers should take measures to devolve indirect interventions and unit-related activities to nonprofessional personnel, and reduce nursesttime invested in non-productive activities so as to improve nursing productivity.

关 键 词：眼科 护理时间 时间分配 护理措施分类 工作抽样 

分 类 号：R473.77[医药卫生—护理学]