巴旦杏春季低温霜冻灾害气象指标分析  

Analysis of Meteorological Indexes of Freeze Injury on Amygdalus communis L. in Spring

作　　者：陈丛敏 刘立宏 王东 吉春容[2] 邹陈[2] 

机构地区：[1]莎车县农业气象试验站,新疆莎车844700 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆树木年轮生态重点实验室,中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2014年第1期57-60,共4页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41005059);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106025;GYHY201006012)

摘　　要：以3个当地主栽品种(莎车1号、莎车14号和莎车18号)为试材,在春季巴旦杏花蕾期至开花期,利用高精度冰箱进行花蕾、花朵和叶低温霜冻害模拟试验,结合历史灾情资料分析春季低温霜冻的强度与发生时段,确定巴旦杏晚霜冻冻害气象指标。结果表明,在开花期若遇到-4.0℃低温且持续2 h,会出现轻度冻害;-4.0℃低温若持续4 h,莎车1号(纸皮)、莎车14号(叶尔羌)和莎车18号(晚丰)3个品种均会发生冻害,减产幅度达到20%左右;若-6.0℃的低温霜冻持续达2 h,3个品种都会发生严重冻害。Shache No.l, Shache No.14 and Shache No.18 are the main cultivars of almond in Kashi region in Xinjiang. The chlorophyll content was measured to study freezing resistance of Almond, with the bud, flower and leaf of the above cultivars as tested materials under different low temperature stress. Combining with the historical disaster data the meteorological indexes of freeze injury onalmond were confirmed. The results showed that, the slight freeze injury would happen if the temperature was -4.0℃ and last for 2 hours during the flowering stage. The serious freeze injury would happen and the production decrease would reach 20% if the temperature was -4.0 ℃ and last for 4 hours during the flowering stage.

关 键 词：巴旦杏 春季冻害 气象指标 

分 类 号：S426[农业科学—植物保护]