陕北采油区灌木枯落叶对油污土壤环境的改良效应  

Remediation effects of shrub litters on biochemical properties of petroleum-contaminated soil in oil producing region of northern Shaanxi

作　　者：王国保[1] 刘增文[1,2] 时腾飞 于齐[4] 张权威 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]浙江广川工程咨询有限公司,浙江杭州310020 [4]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第3期688-696,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070630);西北农林科技大学大学生创新创业训练计划(2013年)

摘　　要：采集陕北石油污染区典型荒地土壤,分别以3种石油污染水平(轻度污染15g/kg,中度污染30g/kg,重度污染45g/kg)油土混合培养后,施入当地9种常见灌木枯落叶进行室内分解培养试验120d,检测不同灌木枯落叶对油污土壤生物化学性质的影响.结果表明:柠条、沙棘、紫穗槐、沙蒿和小叶女贞枯落叶可明显促进3种水平油污土壤微生物的生长和土壤呼吸.柽柳、柠条、花棒和踏榔枯落叶可明显促进3种水平油污土壤碱性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性.柠条、沙蒿、踏榔、小叶女贞、花棒、柽柳和紫穗槐枯落叶可明显增加3种水平油污土壤有机碳和速效K含量.爬地柏、沙棘和花棒枯落叶可明显提高3种水平油污土壤Fe、Mn和Zn的有效性.综合而言,柠条和踏榔枯落叶对3种水平油污土壤均有明显改良效果,紫穗槐枯落叶对轻度油污土壤、小叶女贞枯落叶对中度油污土壤,柽柳和紫穗槐枯落叶对重度油污土壤也均有较明显的改良效果.A laboratory simulation experiment was conducted to analyze the improvement effects of 9kinds of shrub litters on biochemical properties of three levels petroleum-contaminated soil （light, 15g/kg;moderate, 30g/kg;severe, 45g/kg） for 120days, by collecting typical wasteland soil in petroleum contaminated areas of northern Shaanxi, and then mixing oil and shrub litters with the soil. The results show that：Litters of Caragana microphylla, Hippophae rhamnoides, Amorpha fruticosa, Rtemisia desterorum and Ligustrum quihoui can significantly contribute to the soil respiration and growth of microbes in three levels of petroleum contaminated soil. Litters of Tamarix chinensis, Caragana microphylla, Hedysarum scoparium and Hedysarum fruticosum can obviously promote the activities of soil alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase in three levels of petroleum contaminated soil. Litters of Caragana microphylla, Rtemisia desterorum, Hedysarum fruticosum, Ligustrum quihoui, Hedysarum scoparium, Tamarix chinensis and Amorpha fruticosa can obviously increase the soil organic carbon and available potassium contents in three levels of pollutions. Litters of Sabina procumbens, Hippophae rhamnoides and Hedysarum scoparium can significantly improve the contents of soil available Fe, Mn and Zn in three levels of pollutions. According to comprehensive analysis, litters of Caragana microphylla and Hedysarum fruticosum have significantly improving effects on biochemical properties of three levels of petroleum contaminated soil, and it will be better for Amorpha fruticosa in light pollution, Ligustrum quihoui in moderate pollution, Tamarix chinensis and Amorpha fruticosa in severe pollution than others.

关 键 词：石油污染土壤 土壤环境改良 灌木枯落叶 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]