臭氧/陶瓷膜对生物活性炭工艺性能和微生物群落结构影响  

Influence of ozone/ceramic membrane on performance and microbial community in biological activated carbon filtration

作　　者：郭建宁[1] 陈磊[1] 张锡辉[1] 王凌云[1] 陶益[1] 盛德洋 

机构地区：[1]清华大学深圳研究生院环境工程与管理研究中心,广东深圳518055 [2]东莞市东江水务有限公司,广东东莞523112

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第3期697-704,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水专项(2008ZX07423-002-4);广东省基金项目(2012B030800001)

摘　　要：利用处理量为120m3/d的臭氧/陶瓷膜-生物活性炭(BAC)组合工艺处理微污染原水,对工艺性能和BAC中的微生物多样性和种群结构进行了研究.结果显示,组合工艺可有效去除微污染原水中的有机物和氨氮.臭氧曝气提高了溶解氧浓度,改善了后续BAC工艺对氨氮的去除效果.组合工艺对氨氮和CODMn的总去除率分别约为90%和84%,其中BAC在污染物的去除中发挥了重要作用.组合工艺和传统工艺中BAC床层共检测到36个门类的细菌.与传统BAC工艺相比,臭氧/陶瓷膜降低了后续BAC中微生物群落结构的多样性和均匀度.组合工艺BAC中存在丰度较高的亚硝化单胞菌属和硝化螺旋菌属,可能对氨氮的去除具有重要的作用.臭氧/陶瓷膜对后续BAC中致病菌和条件致病菌有很好的预处理和抑制作用,显著降低了其相对丰度,提高了饮用水的生物安全性.Micro-polluted raw water was treated using a pilot plant with a scale of 120m3/d. The performance of ozone/ceramic membrane-biological activated carbon （BAC） process was studied. The diversity and detailed structure of microbial community of the microorganisms in BAC were also investigated. The hybrid process removed organic matter and ammonia effectively. The aeration with ozone-containing gas increased the dissolved oxygen in water flow and improved the removal of ammonia. The total removal efficiencies of ammonia and CODMn were 90% and 84%, respectively. The BAC played an important role in the final removals of pollutants. The microorganisms in the BAC bed were divided into 36phyla. Compared with the conventional BAC process, ozone/ceramic membrane in the hybrid process decreased the diversity and evenness of the microorganisms in the BAC. There were abundant Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira in the BAC in the hybrid process, which probably strengthen the ammonia removal. Moreover, the pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogen were significantly inhibited by ozone/ceramic membrane, resulting in the decrease of their relative abundances in the following BAC. Therefore the biological safety of drinking water was enhanced significantly.

关 键 词：臭氧 陶瓷膜 生物活性炭 微生物群落结构 饮用水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]