播期对‘中双11号’油菜干物质和养分积累的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on Dry Matter and Nutrient Accumulation of‘Zhongshuang11'

作　　者：陆志峰[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 任涛[1] 鲁君明 刘涛[1] 徐正伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]湖北省荆州市大同湖管理区农技中心,湖北荆州434300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第6期140-147,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"油菜丰产关键技术研究与集成示范"第五课题"油菜高效简化施肥技术研究"(2010BAD01B05);国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);中央高校基本科研业务费专项"水稻-油菜轮作体系养分循环特征与养分高效利用调控机制"(2013PY113)

摘　　要：为了探明播期对甘蓝型油菜干物质和养分积累的影响,设置了早播(9月15日)、中播(9月30日)和晚播(10月15日)3个播期,研究‘中双11号’油菜物质养分积累的规律。结果表明:不同播期可以改变油菜的生育进程,推迟播期可以缩短油菜生育期。中播油菜籽粒产量最高(2032 kg/hm2),比早播和晚播分别增产38.3%和61.4%。3个播期油菜的干物质累积量分别在花期、角果期和收获期达最大值。播期对油菜地上部和地下部氮(N)、钾(K)养分含量的影响大于对磷(P)含量的影响,晚播油菜的N、K养分含量在生育前期显著高于早、中播油菜,早播油菜P含量小于中、晚播油菜。各播期油菜N、K累积量以及早、晚播油菜P累积量的变化规律与干物质累积量的变化一致,而中播油菜P累积量一直增加,在收获期时达最大值。明确不同播期条件下油菜物质养分积累的差异,将为适宜播期的选择提供理论依据。To prove the influence of sowing date on dry matter and nutrient accumulation of Brassica napus, a field trail with early sowing （September 15）, middle sowing （September 30） and late sowing （October 15） treatments was conducted to study the dry matter and nutrient accumulation patterns of Zhongshuangl 1. Our results showed that sowing date had an influence on growth progress of rapeseed. The whole growing period length of rapeseed was decreased with postponed sowing date. The rapeseed had the highest yield （2032 kg/hm2） under middle sowing date, 38.3% and 61.4% higher than early and late sowing treatments. The three sowing date rapeseed reached the maximum dry matter at blooming, podding and mature period respectively. The N, K contents of root and shoot were influenced more significantly by sowing date than P content. Nitrogen and K contents of late sowing rapeseed were much higher than early and middle sowing rapeseed at early growth stage. Phosphorus content of early sowing rapeseed was lower than middle and late change of dry matter accumulation. It will provide theoretical basis for choosing suitable sowing date tounderstand the different accumulation patterns of dry matter and nutrient between three sowing treatments.

关 键 词：油菜 播期 干物质累积 养分累积 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]